være

== Danish == === Alternative forms === === Etymology === All forms except the present are from Old Danish wæræ, waræ, from Old Norse vera, vesa, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (“to dwell, live, reside”). The present tense is derived from a different root: Proto-Germanic *izum, *izud, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which is also the origin of English is, are, Latin sum, and German ist. In Scandinavian, the singular has taken over the stem of the plural (with -z- > -r-). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈvɛːʁə/, [ˈʋɛːɐ], [ˈʋɛːɒ̽] === Verb === være (present tense er, past tense var, perfect tense har været) (copulative) to be (expresses identity between the subject and a predicative) (intransitive) to be, exist (with an adverbial phrase and/or the dummy subject der) (intransitive) to be (in cleft sentences emphasizing a noun phrase, with the dummy subject det and a relative clause) (auxiliary) to be (passive perfect tense with the past participle) (auxiliary) to have (active perfect tense with the past participle of certain intransitive verbs) Synonym: have (used with most words) ==== Conjugation ==== Note also archaic second person singular form est (Du est - "Thou art") and plural form ere (Vi ere - "We are") ==== Derived terms ==== === References === “være” in Den Danske Ordbog “være,2” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology 1 === All forms except the present are from Danish være, from Old Norse vera, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wes- (“to dwell, live, reside”). The present tense is derived from a different root: Proto-Germanic *izum, *izud, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which is also the origin of English is, are, Latin sum, and German ist. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈʋæːɾə/ ==== Verb ==== være (imperative vær, present tense er, simple past var, past participle vært, present participle værende) to be ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === From Old Norse viðra, probably ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyd-. ==== Verb ==== være (imperative vær, present tense værer, simple past and past participle væra or været, present participle værende) (archaic) to sense or feel === See also === vera, vere (Nynorsk) === References === “være” in The Bokmål Dictionary. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== være n (definite singular været, indefinite plural være, definite plural væra) an existence in a location a place or location that someone or something can exist === Etymology 2 === ==== Adjective ==== være definite singular of vær plural of vær === Etymology 3 === ==== Verb ==== være (present tense er, past tense var, past participle vore, passive infinitive værast, present participle værande, imperative vær) (pre-1938) alternative form of vere == Old Swedish == === Verb === være active present subjunctive of væria