usipera

== Ternate == === Alternative forms === uspera === Etymology === Likely from Portuguese esfera (“sphere”), referring to the round cannonballs, with semantic drift from "sphere" > "round cannonball" > "artillery". === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˌu.si.ˈpe.ɾa] === Noun === usipera (Jawi ؤسڤيرة) a kind of cannon ==== Descendants ==== → Manado Malay: spera → Mongondow: supera → Ponosakan: spera → Tombulu: supera → Tondano: supera → Tonsawang: sipera → Tonsea: supera === References === Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890), Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh