undertaken

== English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ʌndə(ɹ)ˈteɪkən/ Rhymes: -eɪkən === Verb === undertaken past participle of undertake == Middle English == === Etymology === under- +‎ taken === Verb === undertaken (third-person singular simple present undertaketh, present participle undertakende, undertakynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative undertok, past participle undertaken) To pledge; to assert, assure; to dare say. To take by trickery; to trap, to seize upon. To engage with; to attack, take on in a fight. To have or take charge of. ==== Descendants ==== English: undertake