two-speed Europe

== English == === Alternative forms === twospeed Europe === Etymology === two-speed +‎ Europe, patterned after automotive terminology to describe different rates of progress. === Noun === two-speed Europe (uncountable) (European Union, politics) A model of European integration in which a core group of member states (the "vanguard") pursues deeper integration at a faster pace than the rest of the union, which remains at a lower level of integration. Coordinate terms: multi-speed Europe, multi-tier Europe Antonym: ever closer union ==== Coordinate terms ==== multi-speed Europe (all countries have the same goal, just different timing) Europe à la carte (countries pick and choose specific policies) variable-geometry Europe (flexibility based on specific geographical or functional needs) multi-tier Europe (a formalized division into distinct "circles" of membership) concentric circles (a model with a core, a periphery, and associated non-members) federal core Europe pioneer groups / pioneering member states multi-menu Europe Olympic circles (overlapping groups of integration) ==== Related terms ==== noyau dur / hard core vanguard differentiated integration enhanced cooperation opt-out eurozone Schengen Area supranationalism inner six federation of the willing ==== Translations ==== === See also === Fortress Europe subsidiarity