twardy

== Lower Sorbian == === Etymology === From Proto-Slavic *tvьrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *twírˀtas, from Proto-Indo-European *twerH-. Cognate with Upper Sorbian twjerdy. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈtwar.dɨ/ Rhymes: -ardɨ Syllabification: twar‧dy === Adjective === twardy (comparative twarźejšy, superlative nejtwarźejšy, derived adverb twardo or twarźe) hard (resistant to pressure) ==== Declension ==== ==== Antonyms ==== měki ==== Derived terms ==== twarda plata (“hard drive”) === Further reading === Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “twardy”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008 Starosta, Manfred (1999), “twardy”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag == Polish == === Alternative forms === kwardy (Near Masovian, Przemyśl, Podegrodzie, Western Lublin, Eastern Lublin, Lublin Voivodeship, Eastern Kraków, Gmina Stopnica) === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish twardy, from Proto-Slavic *tvьrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *twírtas, from Proto-Indo-European *twerH-. Doublet of kwarc and kwarzec. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ardɘ Syllabification: twar‧dy Homophone: Twardy === Adjective === twardy (comparative twardszy, superlative najtwardszy, derived adverb twardo) hard Antonym: miękki Diamenty są bardzo twarde. ― Diamonds are very hard. Moje łóżko jest bardzo twarde. ― My bed is very hard. Boli mnie ząb, więc nie mogę jeść twardego jedzenia. ― I have a toothache so I can't eat tough food. Ten stek jest twardy. ― This steak is tough. (of water) hard (high in dissolved calcium compounds) tough Nie bądź dla niej taki twardy. ― Don't be so tough with her. Nie uważasz, że jesteś dla niego zbyt twardy? ― Don't you think you are too hard on him? firm Wolę spać na twardym materacu. ― I prefer sleeping on a firm mattress. stiff, rigid Muszę kupić twardy pędzel. ― I have to buy a stiff brush. ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === twardy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN twardy in Polish dictionaries at PWN Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “twardy”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “TWARDY”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 25.03.2023