trotz

== German == === Etymology === Ellipsis of zum Trotz (dem) or from constructions with the dative verb trotzen. Compare trotzdem. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /trɔts/, [ˈtʰʁ̞̊ɔt͡sʰ], [ˈtrots] Homophone: Trotts === Preposition === trotz [with (standard) genitive or (now colloquial) dative] in spite of, despite ==== Usage notes ==== Trotz originally governed the dative exclusively. Today, dative usage is predominant in colloquial German, whereas genitive usage is predominant in Standard German. This change is due to historical hypercorrection with a desire for an educated tone. The differing use of the dative and genitive are the cause of the differing trotzdem and trotzdessen conjunctions respectively. ==== Derived terms ==== nichtsdestotrotz trotzdem === Verb === trotz second-person singular imperative of trotzen === Further reading === “trotz” in Duden online “trotz”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[3] (in German)