thủ phạm
التعريفات والمعاني
== Vietnamese ==
=== Etymology ===
Sino-Vietnamese word from 首犯.
=== Pronunciation ===
(Hà Nội) IPA(key): [tʰu˧˩ faːm˧˨ʔ]
(Huế) IPA(key): [tʰʊw˧˨ faːm˨˩ʔ]
(Saigon) IPA(key): [tʰʊw˨˩˦ faːm˨˩˨]
=== Noun ===
thủ phạm
a culprit; a perpetrator