surge

== English == === Pronunciation === (US) enPR: sûrj IPA(key): /sɝd͡ʒ/ (UK) IPA(key): /sɜːd͡ʒ/ Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)dʒ Homophone: serge === Etymology 1 === The verb is from Middle English (please verify) surgen, possibly from Middle French sourgir, from Old French surgir (“to rise, ride near the shore, arrive, land”), from Old Catalan surgir, from Latin surgō, contraction of surrigō, subrigō (“lift up, raise, erect; intransitive rise, arise, get up, spring up, grow, etc.”, transitive verb), from sub (“from below; up”) + regō (“to stretch”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃réǵeti (“to straighten; right”), from the root *h₃reǵ-; see regent. Doublet of source and sourd. The noun is from the verb. ==== Noun ==== surge (plural surges) A sudden transient rush, flood or increase. Synonym: torrent The maximum amplitude of a vehicle's forward/backward oscillation. (electricity) A sudden electrical spike or increase of voltage and current. (aviation) A momentary reversal of the airflow through the compressor section of a jet engine due to disruption of the airflow entering the engine's air intake, accompanied by loud banging noises, emission of flame, and temporary loss of thrust. (nautical) The swell or heave of the sea. 1901, Bible (American Standard Version), James i. 6 He that doubteth is like the surge of the sea driven by the wind and tossed. (US, naval, often attributive) A deployment in large numbers at short notice. surge capacity; surge fleet; surge deployment capabilities The tapered part of a windlass barrel or a capstan, upon which the cable surges, or slips. ===== Synonyms ===== inrush ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== surge (third-person singular simple present surges, present participle surging, simple past and past participle surged) (intransitive) To rush, flood, or increase suddenly. To accelerate forwards, particularly suddenly. (intransitive, aviation, of a jet engine) To experience a momentary reversal of airflow through the compressor section due to disruption of intake airflow. (transitive, nautical) To slack off a line. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== source surgation ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From Middle English sourge, of uncertain origin. In the earliest examples, translating Old French sourgeon (modern French surgeon), from sourge- (which the Middle English term is probably from), the present stem of sourdre, from Latin surgō (“to rise”). ==== Noun ==== surge (plural surges) (obsolete) A spring; a fountain. 1523-1525, John Bourchier, 2nd Baron Berners, Froissart's Chronicles all great rivers are gorged and assembled of various surges and springs of water === References === “surge”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC. William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “surge”, in The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. === Anagrams === Ruges, grues, urges == Italian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsur.d͡ʒe/ Rhymes: -urdʒe Hyphenation: sùr‧ge === Verb === surge third-person singular present indicative of surgere === Anagrams === Serug == Latin == === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈsʊr.ɡɛ] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈsur.d͡ʒe] === Verb === surge second-person singular present active imperative of surgō Surge et ambula ― Arise, and walk (Matt. IX. v.5) Ejusque manū prehēnsā, dīcit eī: Talitha cumi: quæ verba sīc sonant: Puella (inquam tibi) surge ― He took her by the hand, said to her: Talitha cumi: which means: Little girl (I say to you) get up (Mark V. v.41) == Portuguese == === Verb === surge inflection of surgir: third-person singular present indicative second-person singular imperative == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsuɾxe/ [ˈsuɾ.xe] Rhymes: -uɾxe Syllabification: sur‧ge === Verb === surge inflection of surgir: third-person singular present indicative second-person singular imperative