sun

== Translingual == === Etymology === Clipping of English Sundanese or Sundanese Sunda. === Symbol === sun (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sundanese. === See also === Wiktionary’s coverage of Sundanese terms == English == === Pronunciation === enPR: sŭn, IPA(key): /sʌn/ (Northern England, Ireland) IPA(key): /sʊn/ Rhymes: -ʌn Homophone: son === Etymology 1 === From Middle English soen, son, sone, sonne, sun, sune, sunna, sunne, sunnæ, synne, zonne, zunne, from Old English sunna, sunne, sunnu (“sun”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ (“sun”), from heteroclitic inanimate Proto-Indo-European *sh₂wen-, oblique of Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). ==== Alternative forms ==== (proper noun, star which Earth revolves around): Sun (capitalized) sonne, sunne (obsolete spelling) ☉ (astronomy) ==== Proper noun ==== the sun The star that is closest to the Earth. ===== Translations ===== ==== Noun ==== sun (countable and uncountable, plural suns) (astronomy) A star, especially when seen as the centre of any single solar system. The light and heat which are received from the Sun; sunshine or sunlight. (figurative) Something like the sun in brightness or splendor. (uncountable, chiefly literary) Sunrise or sunset. A revolution of the Earth around the Sun; a year. A transversing of the sky by the Sun; a day. The nineteenth trump/major arcana card of the tarot. (cartomancy) The thirty-first Lenormand card. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== sun (third-person singular simple present suns, present participle sunning, simple past and past participle sunned) (transitive) To expose to the heat and radiation of the sun. Synonym: apricate (transitive) To warm or dry in the sunshine. (intransitive) To be exposed to the sun. (intransitive, alternative medicine) To expose the eyes to the sun as part of the Bates method. ===== Hypernyms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== See also ==== === Etymology 2 === From Japanese 寸 (sun). Doublet of cun. ==== Noun ==== sun (plural suns or sun) A traditional Japanese unit of length, approximately 30.3 millimetres (1.193 inches). === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== sun (uncountable) Alternative form of sunn (“the plant”). === Further reading === sun on Wikipedia.Wikipedia “sun”, in OneLook Dictionary Search. === Anagrams === 'uns, NUS, UNS, USN, uns == Bambara == === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== sun trunk (of tree) ===== Usage notes ===== Often used in a compound with the name of a tree to indicate that kind of tree. === Etymology 2 === From Arabic صَوْم (ṣawm, “fasting; abstaining from food, drink, and sex”), from Classical Syriac ܨܘܡܐ (ṣawmāʾ). ==== Noun ==== sun fasting (during the month of Ramadan) ==== Noun ==== sun to fast == Bavarian == === Alternative forms === sunn, suun === Etymology === From Middle High German sun, from Old High German sunu, from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”). Cognate with German Sohn, Dutch zoon, English son, Icelandic sonur. === Noun === sun (Sauris) son === References === Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien == Cimbrian == === Noun === sun m (Tredici Comuni) son === References === Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien == Czech == === Etymology === Deverbal from sunout. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈsun] === Noun === sun m inan slide ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “sun”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “sun”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “sun”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 == Finnish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsun/, [ˈs̠un] Rhymes: -un Syllabification(key): sun Hyphenation(key): sun === Etymology 1 === Possibly from sun (etymology 2), originally as a replacement of mun, eroded variant of muin which was reinterpreted as the genitive singular of mä. ==== Conjunction ==== sun (coordinating) A coordinating conjunction expressing generality. ==== Further reading ==== “sun”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023 === Etymology 2 === Compare standard sinun (“your, yours”) (genitive singular of sinä). ==== Pronoun ==== sun (colloquial) genitive singular of sä == Friulian == === Etymology === From Latin sonus. === Noun === sun m (plural suns) sound music ==== Synonyms ==== (music): musiche ==== Related terms ==== sunâ == Hokkien == == Inari Sami == === Etymology === From Proto-Samic *sonë. === Pronunciation === === Pronoun === sun (genitive suu) he, she, it === See also === === Further reading === sun in Marja-Liisa Olthuis, Taarna Valtonen, Miina Seurujärvi and Trond Trosterud (2015–2022), Nettidigisäänih Anarâškiela-suomakielâ-anarâškielâ sänikirje‎[4], Tromsø: UiT Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland == Indonesian == === Etymology === From Dutch zoen (“kiss”), from Middle Dutch zoene, soen, soene, swoene (“reconciliation; atonement; kiss”), from Old Dutch *sōna, *swōna (“reconciliation; peace; agreement”), from Proto-Germanic *sōnō, *swōnō (“appeasement; reconciliation; atonement; sacrifice”), from Proto-Indo-European *swā-n- (“healthy; whole; active; vigorous”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈsʊn] Hyphenation: sun === Noun === sun (plural sun-sun) kiss, a touch with the lips, usually to express love or affection, or as a greeting Synonym: ciuman ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “sun”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Italian == === Etymology === From su. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsu.n‿/ === Conjunction === sun (poetic, rare) alternative form of su used before a vowel === Further reading === sun in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana == Japanese == === Romanization === sun Rōmaji transcription of すん == Javanese == === Noun === sun a kiss == Kaingang == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈʃudn/ === Verb === sun To warm oneself by staying near a fire. === References === == Kamkata-viri == === Etymology === Borrowed from a descendant of Sanskrit सुवर्ण (suvárṇa). === Noun === sun m (Western, Northeastern, Southeastern) gold === References === == Ladin == === Preposition === sun on, over in === Verb === sun alternative form of son == Manchu == === Romanization === sun romanization of ᠰᡠᠨ == Mandarin == === Romanization === sun nonstandard spelling of sūn nonstandard spelling of sǔn nonstandard spelling of sùn ==== Usage notes ==== Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone. == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== sun alternative form of sonne (“sun”) === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== sun alternative form of sone (“son”) == Middle High German == === Alternative forms === suon, sūn, son === Etymology === Inherited from Old High German sunu, from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈs̠un/ === Noun === sun m son ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Alemannic German: Italian Walser: su, ŝchu Bavarian: Cimbrian: zun, sun, sunn Mòcheno: su' Udinese: sun, sunn, suun Central Franconian: Hunsrik: Sohn German: Sohn Rhine Franconian: Pennsylvania German: Soh Vilamovian: zun, zūn Yiddish: זון (zun) === References === Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “sun”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “sun”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch‎[7] (in German), 3rd edition == Mimi of Nachtigal == === Etymology === Similar to (and likely a borrowing of, or possibly the lender of) the word used for water in the "third Mimi" language, Amdang sunu, which in turn is (per Starostin) "most likely cognate with" Fur suːn (“waterhole, well”). === Noun === sun water === References === George Starostin, On Mimi == North Frisian == === Alternative forms === sönj (Mooring) Sön (Sylt) === Etymology === From Old Frisian sand, from Proto-Germanic *samdaz. Cognates include West Frisian sân. === Noun === sun n (Föhr-Amrum) sand === Noun === sun m (plural sunen) (Föhr-Amrum) sandbank, sandy area, sands === Derived terms === == Old Danish == === Etymology === From Old Norse sonr, sunr, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz. === Noun === sun m (nominative plural synær) son ==== Descendants ==== Danish: søn == Old French == === Determiner === sun (Anglo-Norman) alternative form of son == Quiripi == === Noun === sun (Unquachog) stone === References === Thomas Jefferson (1791), A vocabulary of the Language of the Unquachog Indians (in Quiripi) == Old Sundanese == === Pronoun === sun I, me, my == Romanian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsun/ Rhymes: -un === Etymology 1 === ==== Verb ==== sun first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of suna === Etymology 2 === Probably from Latin sonus, or from the verb suna. ==== Noun ==== sun n (plural sunuri) (obsolete) sound Synonym: sunet ===== Declension ===== === References === “sun”, in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language) (in Romanian), 2004–2026 == Scots == === Etymology === From Old English sunne, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā, from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ, from heteroclitic inanimate Proto-Indo-European *sh₂wen- (“sun”), oblique stem *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sʌn/, /sɪn/ === Noun === sun (plural suns) sun ==== Derived terms ==== == Vietnamese == === Pronunciation === (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [sun˧˧] (Huế) IPA(key): [ʂun˧˧] ~ [sun˧˧] (Saigon) IPA(key): [ʂʊwŋ͡m˧˧] ~ [sʊwŋ͡m˧˧] === Verb === sun (intransitive) To shrink. (transitive) To pull together. sun vai to pull one’s shoulders together === References === Hồ Ngọc Đức, editor (2003), “sun”, in Việt–Việt‎[8] (DICT), Leipzig: Free Vietnamese Dictionary Project (details), archived from the original on 12 November 2024 == Waigali == === Etymology === Borrowed from a descendant of Sanskrit सुवर्ण (suvárṇa). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsun/ === Noun === sun (Nisheigram) gold === References === == Yoruba == === Etymology 1 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sũ̀/ ==== Verb ==== sùn to sleep Mo sùn gbalaja ― I slept stretched out ===== Synonyms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sũ̄/ ==== Verb ==== sun to roast Synonyms: yan, wì (“to singe”) Mo sun ẹran. ― I roasted the meat. to burn; to set on fire Synonyms: jó, jóná, dáná sun A máa ń sun òkú nínú àṣà tèmi. ― We cremate the dead in my culture. Àwọn jagunjagun ya wọ̀lú, wọ́n sì dáná sun ojúbọ ― The warriors raided the town and set the shrines on fire ===== Synonyms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 3 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sũ̄/ ==== Verb ==== sun to trickle; to flow ===== Derived terms ===== orísun (“source”) === Etymology 4 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sũ̄/ ==== Verb ==== sun (with ẹkún (“tears”)) to cry Wọ́n ń sun ẹkún níbi ìsìnkú ― They're crying at the burial ground to chant Ọdẹ ni ó máa ń sun ìjálá, ìyàwó ni ó máa ń sun ẹkún-ìyàwó ― Hunters chant ìjálá, and brides chant the ẹkún-ìyàwó ===== Synonyms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 5 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sũ̀/ ==== Verb ==== sùn to aim; to target Ìyẹn ni mò ń fojú sùn lọ́dún tó ń bọ̀ ― That's what I aspire for this coming year ===== Derived terms ===== àfojúsùn (“goal; target”) === Etymology 6 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sṹ/ ==== Verb ==== sún to shift; to move Sún mọ́ mi. ― Move closer to me. Pẹ̀lúmi fẹ́ sún ìpàdé síwájú ― Pelumi wants to postpone the meeting to nudge; to motivate Ó sún mi láti wọ́de ― It motivated me to protest to prick Synonym: gún Ẹ̀gún sún mi lọ́wọ́ ― The thorn pricked me ===== Derived terms ===== sún kì (“to contract; to shrink”) === Etymology 7 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sũ̀/ ==== Verb ==== sùn to make a complaint A ti fẹjọ́ yín sùn wọ́n ― We have reported you to them