spleen

== English == === Etymology === From Middle English splene, splen, from Anglo-Norman espleen and Old French esplein, esplen, from Latin splēn (“milt”), from Ancient Greek σπλήν (splḗn, “the spleen”). Doublet of lien. Partially displaced the native English term milt. === Pronunciation === enPR: splēn, IPA(key): /spliːn/ Rhymes: -iːn === Noun === spleen (countable and uncountable, plural spleens) (anatomy, immunology) In vertebrates, including humans, a ductless vascular gland, located in the left upper abdomen near the stomach, which destroys old red blood cells, removes debris from the bloodstream, acts as a reservoir of blood, and produces lymphocytes. (archaic, except in the set phrase "to vent one's spleen") A bad mood; spitefulness. Compare gall. For more quotations using this term, see Citations:spleen. (obsolete, rare) A sudden motion or action; a fit; a freak; a whim. (obsolete) Melancholy; hypochondriacal affections. A fit of immoderate laughter or merriment. ==== Synonyms ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== ==== Translations ==== === Verb === spleen (third-person singular simple present spleens, present participle spleening, simple past and past participle spleened) (obsolete, transitive) To dislike. To annoy or irritate. (ambitransitive) To complain; to rail; to vent one's spleen. To remove the spleen, or, by extension, to gore. To excise or remove. === Anagrams === pensel, plenes == French == === Etymology === Borrowed from English spleen in the 19th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /splin/ === Noun === spleen m (plural spleens) bad mood, melancholy Synonyms: bourdon, cafard, dépression, ennui, hypocondrie, langueur, neurasthénie === Further reading === “spleen”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Polish == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English spleen. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsplin/ Rhymes: -in Syllabification: spleen Homophone: splin === Noun === spleen m inan (clinical psychology, medicine) alternative spelling of splin ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “spleen”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “spleen”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish) == Romanian == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English spleen. Doublet of lien and splină. === Noun === spleen n (uncountable) spleen (melancholy) ==== Declension ==== == Swedish == === Etymology === Borrowed from English spleen. Attested since 1745. === Noun === spleen c spleen (melancholy, ennui) ==== Declension ==== ==== See also ==== livsleda === References === “spleen”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “spleen”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “spleen”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)