spall

== English == === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /spɔːl/ (General American, without the cot–caught merger) IPA(key): /spɔl/ (General American, cot–caught merger, dialects of Canada) IPA(key): /spɑl/ (Canada, dialects of the US) IPA(key): /spɒl/ (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): /spoːl/ Rhymes: -ɔːl === Etymology 1 === From Middle English spalle (“a chip”) (first documented in 1440), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from the Middle English verb spald (“to split”) (c.1400), from Middle Low German spalden, cognate with Old High German spaltan (“to split”). ==== Alternative forms ==== spawl ==== Noun ==== spall (plural spalls) (countable) A splinter, fragment or chip, especially of stone. (uncountable, especially concerning ferroconcrete structures or metal objects) A process of weathering, aging, or other wear that involves the crumbling of the substrate. Synonyms: spalling, spallation ===== Derived terms ===== cross-spall ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== spall (third-person singular simple present spalls, present participle spalling, simple past and past participle spalled) (ambitransitive) To break into fragments or small pieces. (especially of ferroconcrete structures or metal objects) To undergo weathering, aging, or other wear that involves the crumbling of the substrate. (transitive) To reduce, as irregular blocks of stone, to an approximately level surface by hammering. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== spaller spalling ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From Italian spalla. Doublet of spauld and spatula. ==== Noun ==== spall (plural spalls) (obsolete, rare) The shoulder. === Anagrams === Palls, palls == Yola == === Etymology === From Middle English spalle. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /spɑːl/ === Noun === spall Small, flat stone, used to level wall-tops. === References === Diarmaid Ó Muirithe (1990), “A Modern Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy”, in lrish University Review‎[2], volume 20, number 1, Edinburgh University Press, page 160