soooo

== Translingual == === Etymology === Clipping of English Somali or Afar and Somali Soomaali. === Symbol === so (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Somali. === See also === Wiktionary’s coverage of Somali terms == English == === Etymology 1 === From Middle English so, swo, zuo, swa, swe, from Old English swā, swǣ, swē (“so, as, the same, such, that”), from Proto-West Germanic *swā, from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē (“so”), from Proto-Indo-European *swē, *swō (reflexive pronomial stem). Cognate with Scots sae (“so”), Saterland Frisian so (“so”), West Frisian sa (“so”), Dutch zo (“so”), German Low German so (“so”), German so (“so”), Danish så (“so”), Norwegian Nynorsk so (“so”), Swedish så (“so, such that”), Faroese so (“so”), Icelandic svo (“so”), Old Latin suad (“so”), Albanian sa (“how much, so, as”), Ancient Greek ὡς (hōs, “as”), Urdu سو (sō, “hence”). ==== Pronunciation ==== (Received Pronunciation) enPR: sō, IPA(key): /səʊ/ (Northumbria) IPA(key): /siː/ (unstressed form) IPA(key): /sə/ (US) enPR: sō, IPA(key): /soʊ/ (Canada) IPA(key): [soː] (Scotland) IPA(key): /so/ (Wales, without the toe–tow merger) IPA(key): /soː/ (Dublin, Local) IPA(key): /sʌo/ Rhymes: -əʊ Homophones: seau, soe, soh; sew, sow (toe–tow merger) (sense 2) soy (some non-standard dialects) ==== Conjunction ==== so Reduced form of 'so that', used to express purpose; in order that. As a result; for that reason; therefore; because of this; due to this. Used to connect previous conversation or events to the following question. Used to introduce a rhetorical question. (archaic) Provided that; on condition that; as long as. ===== Usage notes ===== Chiefly in North American use, a comma or pause is often used before the conjunction when used in the sense as a result. (A similar meaning can often be achieved by using a semicolon or colon (without the so), as for example: He drank the poison; he died.) The apparently meaningless use of so to begin sentences, such as replies to questions, where there is no relevant sense of in order that or for that reason, has become increasingly common over the early part of the 21st century, and has widely been described as irritating. [6][7][8][9][10]. ===== Synonyms ===== (in order that): so that, that ===== Translations ===== ==== Adverb ==== so (not comparable) To the (explicitly stated) extent. To the (implied) extent. Very (positive or negative clause). Very much. (informal) at all (negative clause). In the same manner or to the same extent as aforementioned; likewise, also. Indeed. (with as) To such an extent or degree; as. ===== Usage notes ===== Use of so in the sense to the implied extent is discouraged in formal writing; spoken intonation which might render the usage clearer is not usually apparent to the reader, who might reasonably expect the extent to be made explicit. For example, the reader may expect He is so good to be followed by an explanation or consequence of how good he is. Devices such as use of underscoring and the exclamation mark may be used as a means of clarifying that the implicit usage is intended; capitalising SO is also used. The derivative subsenses very and very much are similarly more apparent with spoken exaggerated intonation. The difference between so and very in implied-extent usage is that very is more descriptive or matter-of-fact, while so indicates more emotional involvement. For example, she is very clever is a simple statement of opinion; she is so clever suggests admiration. Likewise, that is very typical is a simple statement; that is SO typical of him! is an indictment. A formal (and reserved) apology may be expressed I am very sorry, but after elbowing someone in the nose during a basketball game, a man might say, Dude, I am so sorry! in order to ensure that it's understood as an accident. ===== Synonyms ===== (very): really, truly, that, very (to a particular extent): that, this, yea (in the same aformentioned manner): like this, thus (slang: very much): really, truly, very much ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ===== References ===== ==== Adjective ==== so (comparative more so, superlative most so) Agreeing with actual facts or reality; true. In that state or manner; with that attribute. A proadjective that replaces the aforementioned adjective phrase. (dated, UK, slang) Homosexual. ===== Synonyms ===== (true): correct, right, true (euphemistic: homosexual): musical, one of the family, one of them, that way inclined ===== Derived terms ===== make it so more so ===== Translations ===== ==== Interjection ==== so Used after a pause for thought to introduce a new topic, question or story, or a new thought or question in continuation of an existing topic. Synonyms: look, well, see, hey Used as a question to ask for further explanation of something said, often rhetorically or in a dismissive or impolite manner. Used as a meaningless filler word to begin a response to a question. (archaic) Be as you are; stand still; used especially to cows; also used by sailors. ===== Usage notes ===== Though certain uses of "sentence-initial so" had been common for a long time, the perceived excessive use of the word at the start of sentences, such as at the start of answers to questions, became controversial in the 2010s, being described as "annoying". ===== Translations ===== ==== Pronoun ==== so (demonstrative) That which was previously mentioned; that. ===== Usage notes ===== Restricted to verbs which can take clausal complements, such as those relating to communication (e.g. say so), knowledge or belief (e.g. think so, expect so), or action (e.g. do so), as well as stative verbs (e.g. seem so, remain so). === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronoun ==== so Abbreviation of someone. ===== Synonyms ===== sb (“somebody”) === Etymology 3 === Shortened from sol, to make it an open syllable for uniformity with the rest of the scale, from Glover's solmization, from Middle English sol (“fifth degree or note of Guido of Arezzo's hexachordal scales”), Italian sol in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the first syllable of Latin solve (“wash away”) in the lyrics of the scale-ascending hymn Ut queant laxis by Paulus Deacon. ==== Noun ==== so (plural sos) (music) A syllable used in solfège to represent the fifth note of a major scale. (shapenote) Sometimes syllable for both the second and the fifth. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 4 === Borrowed from Japanese 蘇 (so). ==== Noun ==== so (uncountable) (foods) A type of dairy product, made especially in Japan between the seventh and tenth centuries, by reducing milk by boiling it. === See also === So (dairy product) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia Another photo of so at Wikicommons === Further reading === “so”, in OneLook Dictionary Search. William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “so”, in The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. === References === === See also === ah so === Anagrams === -os, -os-, O&S, O's, O. S., O.S., OS, OS., Os, o's, o.s., os, os- == Abau == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsɔ/ === Particle === so indicates the interrogative marks the preceding masculine NP as genitive (association, usually possession) (men's speech) emphatic particle === Adverb === so indicates the negative === Determiner === so gender m this, that; demonstrative determiner === References === Abau Dictionary © 2020 SIL International (Available online: [12]) == Afrikaans == === Alternative forms === soe (Western Cape) === Etymology === From Dutch zo, from Middle Dutch sô, from Old Dutch sō, from Proto-West Germanic *swā, from a merger of Proto-Germanic *swa and *swē. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sʊə̯/ === Adverb === so so, like that/this, thus (in such a way) so, that, to such an extent ==== Derived terms ==== sodat == Äiwoo == === Verb === so To stand (to be in a standing position). === References === Ross, M. & Næss, Å. (2007), “An Oceanic origin for Äiwoo, the language of the Reef Islands?”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 46, number 2. Cited in: "Äiwoo" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283. == Ashkun == === Etymology === From Proto-Nuristani *swayya, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *suHaryáH, from *súHar, from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥. === Noun === so (Sanu) sun === References === == Asturian == === Etymology 1 === From Latin sub. ==== Preposition ==== so (West) under (Center and East) on ===== Derived terms ===== sol === Etymology 2 === From Latin suus (“his, her, its”). ==== Adjective ==== so m sg (feminine singular so, neuter singular so, masculine plural sos, feminine plural sos) his, her, its your (polite) their ==== Pronoun ==== so his, hers yours (polite) ==== Related terms ==== suyu === Etymology 3 === ==== Alternative forms ==== soi ==== Verb ==== so first-person singular present indicative of ser == Bambara == === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== so (tone sǒ) horse ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== so house, home ===== Derived terms ===== == Basque == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /s̺o/ [s̺o] Rhymes: -o Hyphenation: so === Etymology 1 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Adverb ==== so (not comparable) (chiefly Northern) [with dative or allative] looking at ==== Noun ==== so inan (chiefly Northern) look, gaze ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === ==== Interjection ==== so whoa Synonyms: iso, esti === Further reading === “so”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language] “so”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005 == Brokskat == === Pronoun === so he == Catalan == === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Catalan so~son, from Latin sonus. Compare Occitan son, French son, Spanish sueno. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): (Northern) [ˈso̞] IPA(key): (Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈsɔ] ==== Noun ==== so m (plural sons) sound ===== Related terms ===== sonar sònic === Etymology 2 === Back-formation from sons (plural). Compare Spanish sueño, Portuguese sono, from Latin somnus. ==== Alternative forms ==== son (standard) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): (Northern) [ˈso̞] IPA(key): (Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈsɔ] ==== Noun ==== so m (plural sons) (Tarragon, Mallorca, Menorca) sleep ===== Related terms ===== sonar sònic === Etymology 3 === ==== Alternative forms ==== só (pre-2016) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): (Northern) [ˈsu] IPA(key): (Balearic, Central, Valencia, Northwestern) [ˈso] ==== Verb ==== so (archaic, Central, Northwest Catalan, Alghero) first-person singular present indicative of ésser first-person singular present indicative of ser ===== Usage notes ===== This form is still used in certain dialects, such as Algherese. === Etymology 4 === ==== Alternative forms ==== s' (after amb or sometimes en, before a vowel) es (not after amb or sometimes en) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈso/, /ˈsu/ ==== Article ==== so (Mallorca, Ibiza) alternative form of es (“the”, masculine singular) (used after amb (“with”) and sometimes en (“in”), before a consonant) Va anar-hi amb so cotxe. ― He went there with the car. === References === “so”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 “so”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026 “so” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua. Alcover, Antoni Maria; Moll, Francesc de Borja (1963), “so”, in Diccionari català-valencià-balear (in Catalan) == Chinese == === Etymology 1 === From clipping of Hong Kong English jetso, from Cantonese 著數 / 着数 (zoek6 sou3). ==== Pronunciation ==== ==== Noun ==== so (Hong Kong Cantonese) benefit; advantage; bargain; discount ==== Adjective ==== so (Hong Kong Cantonese) bargain; advantageous ==== Verb ==== so (Hong Kong Cantonese) to benefit; to provide an advantage to ==== Quotations ==== For quotations using this term, see Citations:so. === Etymology 2 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “from socialise?”) ==== Alternative forms ==== show, 騷 / 骚, 蘇 / 苏, 穌 / 稣 ==== Pronunciation ==== ==== Verb ==== so (Hong Kong Cantonese) to respond; to pay attention to === Etymology 3 === ==== Pronunciation ==== ==== Noun ==== so (Hong Kong Cantonese, in compounds) alternative form of soc (“society”) === References === == Corsican == === Etymology === From Vulgar Latin sum, from Latin suum, from Proto-Italic *sowos, from Proto-Indo-European *sewos. Cognates include Italian suo and French son. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈso/ === Determiner === so his, her, their ==== Usage notes ==== so is preceded by a definite article (u, a, i, e or l'): U so libru. ― His book. Unlike its French or Italian cognates, so does not decline, either by gender or number: U so libru, i so libri. ― His book, his books. === References === “so” in INFCOR: Banca di dati di a lingua corsa == Czech == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈsobota] === Noun === so f abbreviation of sobota (“Saturday”) == Danish == === Etymology === From Old Norse sýr, from Proto-Germanic *sūz, from Proto-Indo-European *sū-. === Noun === so c (singular definite soen, plural indefinite søer) sow (female pig) (derogatory) slut ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== møgso smatso griseso === References === “so” in Den Danske Ordbog == Elfdalian == === Etymology === From Old Norse svá, from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē. Cognate with Swedish så. === Adverb === so so, like that, in that manner so, to such a degree == Esperanto == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /so/ Rhymes: -o Syllabification: so === Noun === so (accusative singular so-on, plural so-oj, accusative plural so-ojn) The name of the Latin script letter S/s. ==== See also ==== (Latin-script letter names) litero; a, bo, co, ĉo, do, e, fo, go, ĝo, ho, ĥo, i, jo, ĵo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, ŝo, to, u, ŭo, vo, zo === Further reading === “so”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN “so”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026 == Faroese == === Etymology === From Old Norse svá, from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē (“so”), from Proto-Indo-European *swē, *swō (reflexive pronomial stem). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /soː/ Rhymes: -oː Homophone: soð === Adverb === so (not comparable) so, thus, as then == Finnish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈso(ː)/, [ˈs̠o̞(ː)] Rhymes: -o Syllabification(key): so Hyphenation(key): so === Interjection === so alternative form of soo === Further reading === “so”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[13] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023 == Folopa == === Alternative forms === sou === Noun === so woman === References === Karl James Franklin, Pacific Linguistics (1973, →ISBN, page 130: Polopa so/sou woman, cf. DAR sou female animal but we woman. Karl J. Franklin, Comparative Wordlist 1 of the Gulf District and adjacent areas (1975), page 15: Boro, Suri, Tebera sou, Sopese šo Carol Anderson, Beginning Folopa Language Lessons and Simple Glossary (2010) (as so) == Friulian == === Etymology === From Latin suus. === Pronoun === so (third-person singular possessive of masculine singular, of feminine singular sô, of masculine plural siei, of feminine plural sôs) (used attributively) his, her, its; of his, hers, its (used predicatively) his, hers, its (used substantively) his, hers, its; the thing belonging to him, her,it ==== See also ==== gno lôr nestri to vuestri == Galician == === Alternative forms === su === Etymology === From Old Galician-Portuguese so, su, sob, from Latin sub. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [sʊ] === Preposition === so under, beneath === References === Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “so”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “so”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega == German == === Etymology === From Middle High German sō, from Old High German sō, from Proto-West Germanic *swā, from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē, compare with Old Dutch so and Dutch zo. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /zoː/, /zɔ/ (Germany) IPA(key): /soː/, /sɔ/ (Austria, Southern Germany, Switzerland) Rhymes: -oː === Adverb === so so, such, that Die Leute sind so nett. ― People are so nice. Dieser Hammer ist nicht so gut. ― This hammer is not that good. Das ist so eine gute Idee! ― That is such a good idea! so und so ― such and such as (followed by an adjective or adverb plus wie in a statement of equality) Er rennt so schnell wie der Blitz. ― He runs as fast as lightning. so, thus, like this/that, in this/that way, in this/that manner (formal) then (in that case) Synonym: dann Wirst du wieder gesund, so freue ich mich. ― If you get healthy again, then I'll be happy. (informal) roughly, about (according to one's own estimation/memory) Das Teil müsste so 10 cm lang sein. ― The part should be about 10 cm long. (colloquial) expletive; sometimes intensifying, sometimes with no noticeable meaning ==== Derived terms ==== einfach so so oder so so etwas, sowas und so weiter, und so so'n === Conjunction === so (coordinating) thus, so, pursuant to the aforementioned premises (subordinating, chiefly archaic, sometimes law and regional) an, if Synonyms: falls, im Falle dass, wenn So es Euch beliebt. ― If it pleases you. === Particle === so (colloquial) quotative particle, somewhat similar to be like but also combinable with other verbs (colloquial) generalizing particle, combines with question words to ask to be given a broad idea, typically by way of some examples Was liest du so? ― What sort of things do you read? (Give me a handful of titles) Wie ist es da so? ― What's it like there? (Tell me of your typical experience) ==== Usage notes ==== This quotation particle can be combined with a number of verbs but, somewhat unusually, it doesn't require the clause to contain any predicate at all. In such cases, the meaning is roughly that of to say in the past tense. === Pronoun === so (obsolete, relative) that, which, who (Augsburger Bekenntnis) ==== Synonyms ==== wo der welcher === Interjection === so (informal) alright; a discourse marker indicating a topic having been dealt with Synonyms: tamam, okay, in Ordnung, fein, gut ==== Usage notes ==== Typical usage contexts are as the prelude to ending a visit to someone's house, after having finished a task, or after just having explained background information necessary for what follows. === Further reading === “so”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[15] (in German) Friedrich Kluge (1883), “so”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891 == Gothic == === Romanization === sō romanization of 𐍃𐍉 == Indonesian == === Adverb === so alternative form of sok == Irish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sˠo/, /sˠə/ === Determiner === so Munster form of seo (used after a word ending in a velarized ("broad") consonant) ==== Quotations ==== === References === === Further reading === Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “so”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN Nashimoto, Kuninao (2020), “so”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス アイルランド語 [Nyūekusupuresu Purasu Airurando-go, New Express Irish] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, pages 17–19 == Italian == === Alternative forms === sò (misspelling) === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsɔ/* Rhymes: -ɔ Hyphenation: sò === Verb === so first-person singular present indicative of sapere (“to know”) Non lo so. ― I don't know (it). Lo so io! ― (But) I do (know it)! === References === == Jamaican Creole == === Etymology === Derived from English so. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /so/ === Conjunction === so so === Particle === so emphasis particle == Japanese == === Romanization === so The hiragana syllable そ (so) or the katakana syllable ソ (so) in Hepburn romanization. == Koyukon == === Etymology === Ultimately from Proto-Athabaskan *šʷaˑ. Cognate with Ahtna saa. === Noun === so sun === References === Thompson, Chad Lawrence (1989), Voice and obviation in Athabaskan and other languages (dissertation), University of Oregon, page 78 == Ladino == === Verb === so first-person singular present indicative of ser == Louisiana Creole == === Etymology === Borrowed from English so. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /so/ Rhymes: -o Homophone: sô === Interjection === so so (discourse particle) (clarification of this definition is needed) == Lower Tanana == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɔ/ === Noun === so (Toklat-Bearpaw) alternative form of sro === References === Kari, James et al. (2024), Kari, James, editor, Lower Tanana Dene Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, page 507 == Luxembourgish == === Verb === so second-person singular imperative of soen == Mauritian Creole == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /so/ === Etymology 1 === From French son. ==== Pronoun ==== so (possessive) his, her, its, one's === Etymology 2 === From French chaud. ==== Adjective ==== so hot, warm. ===== Antonyms ===== fre == Middle Dutch == === Etymology 1 === From Old Dutch sō, from Proto-West Germanic *swā, from Proto-Germanic *swa. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /zoː/ ==== Adverb ==== sô so, like that, in that manner so, to such a degree (so ... alse) as then, in that case so, therefore ==== Conjunction ==== sô if, in the case that like, as (so ... so) both ... and ==== Descendants ==== Dutch: zo Limburgish: zoe, zoea === Etymology 2 === Weakened form of soe. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /zoː/, /zo/ ==== Pronoun ==== sô (chiefly Flemish) alternative form of si (“she”) === Further reading === “so (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000 “so (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000 Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “so”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === From Old English swā, from Proto-West Germanic *swā. ==== Alternative forms ==== sa, swo, swa zo, zuo (Kent) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /sɔː/ ==== Adverb ==== so so ===== Descendants ===== English: so Geordie: se Scots: sae Yola: zo, zoo, sae ===== References ===== “sō, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronoun ==== so (chiefly Northern dialectal) alternative form of sche == Mizo == === Etymology === From Proto-Kuki-Chin *saw. === Verb === so to boil to heat up metal so it becomes white-hot === Further reading === Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “so”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society == North Moluccan Malay == === Alternative forms === su === Etymology === From Malay sudah. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɔ/ (in fast speech) IPA(key): /sɔ̆/, /sɔ̥/ === Verb === so perfective aspect, indicating that the process has been accomplished == Northern Sami == === Etymology === Borrowed from Norwegian så. === Pronunciation === === Adverb === so so, then, in that case so, to this or that extent ==== Further reading ==== Eino Koponen, Klaas Ruppel, Kirsti Aapala, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎[16], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Alternative forms === så === Etymology === From Middle Norwegian so, svo, from Old Norse svá, from Proto-Indo-European *swa. Akin to English so. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /suː/ === Adverb === so so that as then === Conjunction === so so === References === “so” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Occitan == === Etymology === From Old Occitan so, from Latin ipsum. === Article === so (feminine sa, masculine plural sos, feminine plural sas) alternative form of lo (rare) ==== Usage notes ==== In the Provençal dialect, the masculine and feminine plural is sei. == Old Dutch == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *swā, from Proto-Germanic *swa. === Adverb === sō so, like that, in that manner ==== Descendants ==== Middle Dutch: sôDutch: zoLimburgish: zoe, zoea ==== Further reading ==== “sō (I)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012 == Old High German == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *swā, from Proto-Germanic *swa. === Adverb === sō so, like that, in that manner as ==== Descendants ==== Middle High German: sō Central Franconian: su, so Luxembourgish: sou German: so == Old Irish == === Alternative forms === sa, se, sea, seo, siu === Etymology === From Proto-Celtic *so (“this”), from Proto-Indo-European *só. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈso/ === Determiner === so this (used after the noun, which is preceded by the definite article) ind epistil so ― this epistle ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Irish: seo Scottish Gaelic: seo Manx: shoh == Old Saxon == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *swā, from Proto-Germanic *swa. === Adverb === sō so, like that, in that manner as Heliand, verse 906 == Pali == === Alternative forms === === Pronoun === so he, it === Adjective === so masculine nominative singular of ta (“that”) == Palula == === Etymology 1 === From Sanskrit स ; सो (sa ; so, “nom.sg.masc pron. and pronom. adj. he, that”). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /so/ ==== Determiner ==== so (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling سوۡ) the that (agr: rem nom masc) ==== References ==== Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “so”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[17], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “so”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press === Etymology 2 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /so/ ==== Pronoun ==== so (demonstrative, Perso-Arabic spelling سوۡ) it he (rem masc nom) ==== References ==== Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “so”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[18], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN == Pichinglis == === Etymology === From English so. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sò/ === Adverb === so so, thus === References === Kofi Yakpo (2019), A grammar of Pichi (Studies in Diversity Linguistics; 23)‎[19], Berlin: Language Science Press, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 575 == Rawa == === Noun === so grass === References === Norma Toland, Donald Toland, Reference Grammar of the Karo/Rawa Language (1991) == Réunion Creole French == === Alternative forms === cho (High Creole) === Etymology === From French chaud. === Adjective === so warm, hot ==== Related terms ==== === References === Armand, Alain (1987), Dictionnaire Kréol rénioné/Français [Reunionese Creole-French Dictionary] (in French), Océan Éditions, →ISBN, page 331 == Romagnol == === Verb === so (Faenza) first-person singular present indicative of ësar (“to be”) == Romani == === Pronoun === so what? === References === == Rwanda-Rundi == === Etymology === From Proto-Bantu *có. === Noun === só class 1a (plural bāsó class 2a) your father your paternal uncle == Salar == === Etymology === Borrowed from Tibetan ཚ་བོ (tsha bo). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /so/ === Noun === so (3rd person possessive sosı, plural solar) sister's son, sororal nephew ==== Declension ==== === References === 林莲云 [Lin Lianyun] (1992), “so”, in 撒拉汉汉撒拉词汇 [Salar-Chinese, Chinese-Salar Vocabulary], 成都 [Chéngdū]: 四川民族出版社, →ISBN, page 60 Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “so”, in 米娜瓦尔·艾比布拉 [Minavar Abibra], editor, 撒维汉词典 [Sā-Wéi-Hàn cídiǎn, Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, pages 257-258 == Sardinian == === Verb === so first-person singular present indicative of èssere == Scottish Gaelic == === Etymology 1 === Reduced form of seo. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /s̪ɔ/ ==== Pronoun ==== so obsolete form of -sa obsolete form of seo === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from English so ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /s̪o/ ==== Conjunction ==== so (highly colloquial, informal) so, therefore Synonym: mar sin == Serbo-Croatian == === Alternative forms === sȏl (Croatia) === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *solь, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂ls. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sôː/ === Noun === sȏ f (Cyrillic spelling со̑) (Bosnia, Serbia) salt ==== Declension ==== == Slavomolisano == === Etymology === From Serbo-Croatian so. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /so/ === Noun === so m salt ==== Declension ==== === References === Walter Breu and Giovanni Piccoli (2000), Dizionario croato molisano di Acquaviva Collecroce: Dizionario plurilingue della lingua slava della minoranza di provenienza dalmata di Acquaviva Collecroce in Provincia di Campobasso (Parte grammaticale). == Slovak == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ(n). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /zo/, (with mnou) /so/ === Preposition === so [with instrumental] alternative form of s ==== Usage notes ==== Used when the next word begins with s, z, š or ž or with a consonant cluster containing one of these consonants. It is also used with the pronoun mnou (“me”). === Further reading === “so”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026 == Slovene == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /sɔ́/ === Verb === sȍ third-person plural present of bíti == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈso/ [ˈso] Rhymes: -o Syllabification: so === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Latin sub, from Proto-Italic *supo, from Proto-Indo-European *upo. ==== Preposition ==== so (archaic) under Synonyms: debajo de, bajo ===== Usage notes ===== So is very rare in modern Spanish, surviving only in certain expressions, including so pena de (“on pain of, under penalty of”), so pretexto de or so color de (“under pretext of”), a so capa (“secretly, with bribery”). === Etymology 2 === Contraction of señor (“Sir”). ==== Pronoun ==== so (emphatic, derogatory) you ¡So tonto! ― You blithering idiot! ¡So borrachos! ― You bloody drunks! === Etymology 3 === Borrowed from English so. ==== Interjection ==== so (US, Puerto Rico, Philippines, El Salvador) so === Etymology 4 === ==== Interjection ==== so whoa! === Further reading === “so”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 == Swedish == === Etymology === From Old Swedish sō (Old Icelandic/Norwegian sýr), from Old East Norse *sōʀ, from Proto-Germanic *sūz, from Proto-Indo-European *sū-. Compare the identical ko (Old Icelandic/Norwegian kýr, Old Swedish kō). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /suː/ Homophone: zoo === Noun === so c (rare) sow (female pig) ==== Usage notes ==== The more common synonym is sugga, especially for the plural form. ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== sugga === Anagrams === OS, os == Tagalog == === Etymology === Borrowed from English so. === Pronunciation === (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈso/ [ˈso], /ˈsow/ [ˈsoʊ̯] Rhymes: -o, -ow Syllabification: so === Conjunction === so (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜓ) (colloquial) so; therefore; hence Synonyms: kaya, dahil doon, dahil diyan, sa gayon used after a pause for thought to introduce a new topic, question or story, or a new thought or question in continuation of an existing topic == Tok Pisin == === Etymology 1 === From English saw. ==== Noun ==== so saw === Etymology 2 === From English show. ==== Noun ==== so show == Veps == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *soo. === Noun === so swamp, marsh, bog ==== Inflection ==== ==== Derived terms ==== sohein sokesk === References === Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “болото”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎[20], Petrozavodsk: Periodika == Vietnamese == === Pronunciation === (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [sɔ˧˧] (Huế) IPA(key): [ʂɔ˧˧] ~ [sɔ˧˧] (Saigon) IPA(key): [ʂɔ˧˧] ~ [sɔ˧˧] === Etymology 1 === ==== Verb ==== so (transitive) to compare Synonym: so sánh So với bạn thì nó cao hơn. ― Compared to his friend, he is taller. (transitive) to pair up so đũa ― to pair up chopsticks (intransitive) to straighten one's shoulders, as if to compare one's height to another's ===== Derived terms ===== ===== See also ===== sánh === Etymology 2 === Compare sơ (初, “first”). ==== Adjective ==== so firstborn con so ― firstborn child chửa con so ― to be pregnant for the first time trứng gà so ― a chicken's first egg (usually a small egg) ===== Derived terms ===== con so === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== (classifier con) so mangrove horseshoe crab (Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda) ===== See also ===== sam == Volapük == === Adverb === so so == Welsh == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /soː/ Rhymes: -oː === Verb === so (not mutable) (South Wales) inflection of bod: second/third-person singular present negative colloquial first/second/third-person plural present negative colloquial ==== Usage notes ==== Unlike other negative verb forms, this form—and sa, which is used for the first-person singular—is not complemented by ddim after the subject. == Xhosa == === Pronoun === -so Combining stem of sona. == Zulu == === Pronoun === -so Combining stem of sona.