seneschal

== English == === Alternative forms === seneskal (dated or rare) === Etymology === From Middle English seneschal (recorded in English since 1393), from Old French seneschal, from Medieval Latin siniscalcus, from Frankish *siniskalk, from Proto-Germanic *siniskalkaz, from Proto-Germanic *siniz (“senior”) + *skalkaz (“servant”); latter term as in marshal. As an officer of the French crown, via French sénéchal. === Pronunciation === enPR: sĕnʹə-shəl, IPA(key): /ˈsɛnəʃəl/ Hyphenation: sen‧e‧schal === Noun === seneschal (plural seneschals) A steward, particularly (historical) one in charge of a medieval nobleman's estate. (historical) An officer of the crown in late medieval and early modern France who served as a kind of governor and chief justice of the royal court in Normandy and Languedoc. ==== Synonyms ==== (steward): See steward ==== Derived terms ==== (office; term): seneschalship (office; term; purview): seneschalty ==== Translations ==== ==== See also ==== (equivalent medieval office in northern France): bailiff === Anagrams === Senechals == Dutch == === Noun === seneschal m (plural seneschallen or seneschals, no diminutive) archaic form of seneschalk == Middle English == === Alternative forms === seneschall, senyschall, senescal, senescall, synechall, syneschall, seneshal (Late ME) senesciall, senceall, sencial, senciall === Etymology === From Old French seneschal, from Medieval Latin siniscalcus, from Frankish *siniskalk, from Proto-Germanic *siniskalkaz. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈsɛnɛstʃal/, /ˈsɛniʃal/, /ˈsɛnitʃal/, /ˈsɛniskal/ === Noun === seneschal (plural seneschals) A steward in charge of a nobleman's estate. A viceroy; one governing in place of a ruler. ==== Descendants ==== English: seneschal Scots: senescall, seneschall (obsolete) ==== References ==== “seneshal, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007. == Old French == === Alternative forms === seneschall === Noun === seneschal oblique singular, m (oblique plural seneschaus or seneschax or seneschals, nominative singular seneschaus or seneschax or seneschals, nominative plural seneschal) seneschal ==== Descendants ==== Middle French: seneschal, senechal French: sénéchal → Middle Armenian: սենեսկալ (seneskal), սենէսկալ (senēskal), սենեսջալ (senesǰal), սինիջալ (siniǰal), սինէգալ (sinēgal) → Middle Dutch: seneschal, seneschael Dutch: seneschalk, seneschaal, seneschael, seneschalck (obsolete), seneschal (archaic) → Middle English: seneschal, senescall, seneschall English: seneschal Scots: senescall, seneschall (obsolete) → Middle High German: seneschalc, sëneschalt, seneschlant, scheneschlant (also possibly from Middle Latin) German: Seneschall