plus

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin plūs (“more”). === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈplʌs/ (Southern US, fronting) IPA(key): /ˈplɜs/, [ˈplɘ̞s] (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈplɐs/, [ˈpläs] (Northern England, Ireland, without the foot-strut split) IPA(key): /ˈplʊs/ Rhymes: -ʌs Hyphenation: plus === Preposition === plus And; sum of the previous one and the following one. (colloquial) With; having in addition. ==== Synonyms ==== and ==== Antonyms ==== minus ==== Translations ==== === Conjunction === plus And also; in addition; besides (which). ==== Translations ==== === Noun === plus (plural pluses or plusses) A positive quantity. An asset or useful addition. (arithmetic) A plus sign: +. Abbreviation of LGBT+ (Can we add an example for this sense?) ==== Synonyms ==== (useful addition): asset (arithmetic: plus sign): plus sign ==== Antonyms ==== (antonym(s) of “useful addition”): liability, minus (antonym(s) of “arithmetic: plus sign”): minus, minus sign ==== Translations ==== === Adjective === plus (not comparable) Being positive rather than negative or zero. −2 * −2 = +4 ("minus 2 times minus 2 equals plus four") Positive, or involving advantage. (physics) Electrically positive. (postpositive, somewhat informal) (Of a quantity) Equal to or greater than; or more; upwards. (postpostitive, informal) And more. ==== Synonyms ==== (being positive rather than negative or zero): positive (positive, involving advantage): advantageous, good, positive ==== Antonyms ==== (antonym(s) of “being positive rather than negative or zero”): minus, negative (antonym(s) of “positive, involving advantage”): bad, disadvantageous, minus, negative ==== Translations ==== === Verb === plus (third-person singular simple present pluss or plusses, present participle plusing or plussing, simple past and past participle plused or plussed) (informal) To add; to subject to addition. (often followed by 'up') To increase in magnitude. To improve. To provide critical feedback by giving suggestions for improvement rather than criticisms. (sales) To sell additional related items with an original purchase. (psychology) To frame in a positive light; to provide a sympathetic interpretation. (social media, dated) To give a mark of approval on Google+. Coordinate term: like (homeopathy) To increase the potency of a remedy by diluting it in water and stirring. (optometry) To increase a correction. === Derived terms === === See also === add addition times === Anagrams === ULSP, LPUs, LPUS, ULPs, puls, ulps == Czech == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈplus] === Conjunction === plus plus Antonym: minus Dva plus dva je čtyři. ― Two plus two equals four. === Noun === plus m inan or n plus ==== Declension ==== when masculine: Indeclinable when neuter. === Related terms === === Further reading === “plus”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “plus”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 == Dutch == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin plūs (“more”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plʏs/ Hyphenation: plus Rhymes: -ʏs === Preposition === plus (arithmetic) plus Synonym: en Antonyms: min, minus Twee plus twee is vier. ― Two plus two is four. plus (having in addition) Synonym: en Antonym: minus === Noun === plus m (plural plussen, diminutive plusje n) plus sign; + Synonym: plusteken plus, advantage Synonyms: pluspunt, pro Antonyms: min, minus, minpunt, contra ==== Derived terms ==== == Esperanto == === Etymology === Ultimately from Latin plūs (“more”). Doublet of pli and plu. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plus/ Rhymes: -us Syllabification: plus === Preposition === plus plus Antonym: minus Du plus du egalas kvar. ― Two plus two equals four. === Further reading === “plus”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN “plus”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026 == Finnish == === Etymology === From Latin plūs. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplus/, [ˈplus̠] Rhymes: -us Syllabification(key): plus Hyphenation(key): plus === Conjunction === plus plus Synonym: (conjunction) ynnä Antonym: miinus === Adjective === plus (not inflected) plus Antonym: miinus ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “plus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[3] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023 == French == === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Middle French plus, from Old French plus, from Latin plus. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ply/, /plys/, (in liaison) /plyz‿/ The form /ply/ is obligatory (outside liaison) when modifying a following adjective/adverb (sense 1) and in the constructs plus ..., plus ... (sense 2.1), and ne ... plus, non plus (sense 5). The form /plys/ is obligatory for the mathematical use (sense 4) and the noun derived from this. In other contexts, both /plys/ and /ply/ used to be acceptable, but the contemporary language strongly prefers /plys/. There is still variation in various fixed expressions, e.g. d'autant plus /dotɑ̃ ply(s)/. (Quebec, informal) IPA(key): /py/ (in those cases where the standard is /ply/) ==== Adverb ==== plus used to express the comparative and superlative of a following adjective or adverb more, -er (comparative) Elle est plus belle que sa cousine. ― She is more beautiful than her cousin. Le tien est beaucoup plus grand que le mien. ― Yours is much bigger than mine. Elle travaille plus vite que lui. ― She works more quickly than he does. (with the definite article) most, -est (superlative) Elle est la plus belle de la famille. ― She is the most beautiful of the family. Le tien est le plus grand que j'ai jamais vu. ― Yours is the biggest I have ever seen. Elle travaille le plus vite de tous. ― She works the most quickly of all. (modifying a verb) more, most (to a greater / the greatest extent) Je travaille plus en ce moment. ― I'm working more at the moment. Il m'aime le plus. ― He loves me most. (introducing a clause) the more ... Plus je travaille, plus je suis fatigué. ― The more I work, the more tired I am. Plus j'écoute, moins je comprends. ― The more I listen, the less I understand. (in pronominal function) more (a greater amount) Je veux faire plus. ― I want to do more. Plus doit être fait. ― More must be done. [with de] more of a following noun Je veux faire plus de sport. ― I want to do more sports. Elle a encore plus de chocolat. ― She has even more chocolate. [with de or que] more than a following number or fraction Il y avait plus de 5000 spectateurs. ― There were more than 5000 spectators. Plus de la moitié reste. ― More than half is left. (after a noun and preceded by de) more, in addition Une heure de plus et il serait mort. ― One hour more and he would have died. Un kilo de plus, s'il vous plaît. ― One more kilo, please. (mathematics) plus Deux plus cinq font sept. ― Two plus five is seven. in negated sentences (usually with the particle ne) not ... any more, no more, no longer Elle ne travaille plus. ― She doesn’t work any more / She no longer works. Il n’y a plus de travail. ― There is no more work. (with the particle non) neither, not either ===== Usage notes ===== In colloquial speech, the particle ne is commonly omitted (see the entry). Hereby the difference between the senses “more” and “not any more” becomes blurred. So in the above example, Elle travaille plus could mean both “She works more” and “She doesn't work any more”. In practice, however, this distinction is maintained because the pronunciation of plus is different in each sentence: Elle travaille plus /ɛl tʁavaj plys/ means “more”, and Elle (ne) travaille plus /ɛl (nə) tʁavaj ply/ means “not any more”. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Haitian Creole: plis ==== Noun ==== plus m (invariable) plus, the symbol + === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ply/ ==== Verb ==== plus first/second-person singular past historic of plaire ==== Participle ==== plus m pl (nonstandard) masculine plural of plu ===== Usage notes ===== In the contemporary standard spelling, the past participle of plaire is always invariable because it is always intransitive. However, inflected forms are rather commonly seen in practice, chiefly in reflexive construction: ils se sont plus instead of standard ils se sont plu. === Further reading === “plus”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == German == === Etymology === Learned borrowing from Latin plus. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plʊs/ === Adverb === plus (mathematics) plus, increased by Synonyms: und, (rare) mehr Antonyms: minus, weniger (mathematics) plus (UK), positive (US) Antonym: minus (education) plus (US) (slightly better than a given grade) Antonym: minus ==== Derived terms ==== == Interlingua == === Adverb === plus (not comparable) more (used to form comparatives) le plus the most (used to form superlatives) ==== Antonyms ==== minus == Latin == === Etymology === From Old Latin plous, from Proto-Italic *plēōs (after being levelled in favour of the neuter *plowis), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-, *pelh₁u- (“many”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πολύς (polús, “many”), Old English feolo (“much, many”). More at fele. The adverb is an adverbial accusative. === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈpɫuːs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈplus] === Adjective === plūs (comparative, neuter plūs); third declension comparative degree of multus (“many”) (in the plural) more (in quantity) Antonyms: paucior, minus multus (in the plural) several, many (in the singular, New Latin) more, additional Synonym: largior ==== Usage notes ==== In classical Latin, always plural when used as an adjective. The neuter singular plūs, inflected from the same stem, is used only as a pronoun or adverb. To express "more" of a singular noun denoting an uncountable substance, the pronoun plūs is used with the genitive singular of the noun: e.g. plūs aquae "more water", literally "more of water", plūs āeris "more air", literally "more of air". The word maior (“greater”), the comparative of magnus, is used to express greater magnitude, and is sometimes used in contexts where English might use "more" (e.g. maior pecūnia "more money; a greater sum", maiōre vī "with more/greater force", maiōre spatiō temporis "more time; a greater interval of time"). ==== Declension ==== Irregular third-declension comparative adjective, plural-only in Classical Latin. 1None of the singular forms are used as adjectives in Classical Latin. ==== Derived terms ==== === Pronoun === plūs (neuter plūs); third-declension neuter pronoun more; more of Synonym: amplius Antonym: minus ==== Usage notes ==== Can be used with a partitive genitive to express "more of" or with quam to express "more than". In classical Latin, primarily used in the nominative/accusative, or in the genitive to express value. The ablative singular form plūre could also be used to express value in early Latin, but only a few attestations of this exist, and it may have become archaic in Classical Latin. In postclassical Latin, the ablative singular is sometimes plūrī instead of plūre. ==== Declension ==== Third-declension pronoun (neuter, i-stem, no dative singular, ablative singular in -e or occasionally -ī), singular only. === Adverb === plūs (comparative) comparative degree of multō (“by much, by far”): further (more in extent) Synonym: magis (magis indicates more in degree') Plus ultra! = "Further beyond!" (this is the national motto of Spain) ==== Descendants ==== === See also === plērus === References === === Further reading === “multus” in volume 8, column 1606, line 32 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present “plus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “plus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "plus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “plus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[4], London: Macmillan and Co. == Middle French == === Alternative forms === plꝰ (abbreviation) === Etymology === Inherited from Old French plus, from Latin plūs. === Adverb === plus more ==== Descendants ==== French: plus == Old French == === Etymology === From Latin plūs. === Adverb === plus (with de) more than ==== Descendants ==== Middle French: plus, plꝰ (abbreviation)French: plus Norman: pus (Jersey) == Old Occitan == === Etymology === From Latin plūs. === Adverb === plus more 12th century,. Bernard de Ventadour, Lancan folhon bosc e jarric ==== Descendants ==== Occitan: pus, pu, plus == Polish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplus/ Rhymes: -us Syllabification: plus === Noun === plus m inan plus, plus sign Antonym: minus ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “plus”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[5] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “plus”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[6] (in Polish) == Romanian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin plūs. First attested in the early 19th century, acquiring non-mathematical senses by the middle of that century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplus/ Rhymes: -us === Conjunction === plus plus, and === Noun === plus n (plural plusuri) plus, addition, extra, surplus ==== Derived terms ==== în plus plusa === Further reading === “plus”, in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language) (in Romanian), 2004–2026 Iorgu Iordan, Alexandru Graur, Ion Coteanu, editors (1977), Dicționarul Limbii Române‎[7], volume 8, part 3, Bucharest: Academy of the Socialist Republic of Romania, page 875 == Spanish == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin plūs (“more”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplus/ [ˈplus] Rhymes: -us Syllabification: plus === Noun === plus m (plural pluses) bonus (extra earnings) plus (addition to what is considered habitual) ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “plus”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 == Swedish == === Conjunction === plus (mathematics) and, plus === Noun === plus n plus sign benefit, advantage ==== Declension ==== === Derived terms === plussa