planet

== English == === Etymology === From Middle English planete, from Old French planete, from Latin planeta, planetes, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer”) (itself an ellipsis of ἀστέρες πλανῆται (astéres planêtai, “wandering stars”)), from Ancient Greek πλανάω (planáō, “wander about, stray”), of unknown origin. Cognate with Latin pālor (“wander about, stray”), Old Norse flana (“to rush about”), and Norwegian flanta (“to wander about”). More at flaunt. So called because they have apparent motion, unlike the "fixed" stars. Originally including also the moon and sun but not the Earth; modern scientific sense of "world that orbits a star" is from 1630s in English. The Greek word is an enlarged form of πλάνης (plánēs, “who wanders around, wanderer”), also "wandering star, planet", in medicine "unstable temperature." Displaced native Old English tungol. === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈplænɪt/ (General American, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈplænət/, (/æ/ raising) [ˈpʰlɛən.ɪt] (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈplænət/ (New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈplɛnət/ Rhymes: -ænɪt === Noun === planet (plural planets) (now historical or astrology) Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. [from 14thc.] (astronomy, historical) Any body that orbits the Sun, including the asteroids (as minor planets) and sometimes the moons of those bodies (as satellite planets) Synonyms: wandering star, wanderstar (astronomy, current) A body which is massive enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium (generally resulting in being an ellipsoid) but not enough to attain nuclear fusion and, in IAU usage, which directly orbits a star (or multiple star) and dominates the region of its orbit; specifically, in the case of the Solar system, the eight major bodies of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. [from 2006] Synonym: world Hypernym: planemo (in IAU usage) Hyponyms: binary planet, carbide planet, carbon planet, classical planet, diamond planet, double planet, dual planet, dwarf planet (in non-IAU usage), exoplanet, extrasolar planet, free-floating planet (in non-IAU usage), gas giant, giant planet, hycean planet, ice giant, inferior planet, inner planet, interstellar planet (in non-IAU usage), major planet, mesoplanet, minor planet (in non-IAU usage), outer planet, primary planet (in non-IAU usage), rogue planet (in non-IAU usage), satellite planet (in non-IAU usage), silicate planet, silicon planet, supergiant planet, superior planet, superplanet, terrestrial planet, water planet Coordinate terms: brown dwarf, sub-brown dwarf construed with the or this: The Earth. ==== Usage notes ==== The term planet originally meant any star which wandered across the sky, and generally included comets and the Sun and Moon. With the Copernican revolution, the Earth was recognized as a planet, and the Sun was seen to be fundamentally different. The Galilean satellites of Jupiter were at first called planets (satellite planets), but later reclassified along with the Moon. The first asteroids were also considered to be planets, but were reclassified when it was realized that there were a great many of them, crossing each other's orbits, in a zone where only a single planet had been expected. Likewise, Pluto was found where an outer planet had been expected, but doubts were raised when it turned out to cross Neptune's orbit and to be much smaller than the expectation required. When Eris, an outer body more massive than Pluto, was discovered, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially defined the word planet as above. However, a significant number of astronomers reject the IAU definition, especially in the field of planetary geology. Some are of the opinion that orbital parameters should be irrelevant, and that either any equilibrium (ellipsoidal) body in direct orbit around a star is a planet (there are likely at least a dozen such bodies in the Solar system) or that any equilibrium body at all is a planet, thus re-accepting the Moon, the Galilean satellites and other large moons as planets, as well as rogue planets. ==== Hypernyms ==== planemo ==== Hyponyms ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === See also === planets of the Solar System: Mercury · Venus · Earth · Mars · Jupiter · Saturn · Uranus · Neptune [edit] moon orbit === References === planet on Wikipedia.Wikipedia Planets in astrology on Wikipedia.Wikipedia First Steps to Astronomy and Geography, 1828, (Hatchard & Son: Piccadilly, London). === Anagrams === Plante, pental, platen == Albanian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [planɛt] === Noun === planet m (plural planete, definite planeti, definite plural planetet) planet ==== Declension ==== == Azerbaijani == === Etymology === Internationalism; ultimately from Latin planēta and Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer, planet”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [pɫɑˈnet] Hyphenation: pla‧net === Noun === planet (definite accusative planeti, plural planetlər) (astronomy) planet Synonym: səyyarə ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== yadplanetli (“alien”) === References === Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “planet”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎[2] (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, volume 3, Baku: Şərq-Qərb, page 609 Altun Kitab (2013–), “planet”, in Azleks == Danish == === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Noun === planet c (singular definite planeten, plural indefinite planeter) (astronomy) a planet ==== Inflection ==== ==== Derived terms ==== == German == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplaːnət/ Hyphenation: pla‧net === Verb === planet second-person plural subjunctive I of planen == Indonesian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Dutch planeet (“planet”), from Middle Dutch planete, from Old French planete, from Late Latin planēta, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer”). === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈplanɛt/ [ˈpla.nɛt̪̚] Rhymes: -anɛt Syllabification: pla‧net === Noun === planet (plural planet-planet) (astronomy) planet Synonyms: bintang beredar, bintang siarah ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “planet”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Middle English == === Noun === planet alternative form of planete (“planet”) == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === From Old Norse planéta, from Latin planēta, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer”). === Noun === planet m (definite singular planeten, indefinite plural planeter, definite plural planetene) a planet ==== Derived terms ==== planetologi ==== Related terms ==== planetarisk === References === “planet” in The Bokmål Dictionary. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology 1 === From Old Norse planéta, from Latin planēta, from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs, “wanderer”). ==== Noun ==== planet m (definite singular planeten, indefinite plural planetar, definite plural planetane) a planet ===== Derived terms ===== planetologi ===== Related terms ===== planetarisk === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== planet n definite singular of plan === References === “planet” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Polish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈpla.nɛt/ Rhymes: -anɛt Syllabification: pla‧net === Etymology 1 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Noun ==== planet m inan (related adjective planetowy) (horticulture) manual tool for weeding and loosening the soil, in the form of a toothed frame on wheels ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Noun ==== planet f genitive plural of planeta === Further reading === “planet”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish) planet in PWN's encyclopedia == Romanian == === Noun === planet m (plural planeți) alternative form of planetă ==== Declension ==== == Romansh == === Noun === planet m (plural planets) (astronomy, astrology) planet == Serbo-Croatian == === Alternative forms === planéta f (Bosnia, Serbia) === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plǎneːt/ Hyphenation: pla‧net === Noun === plànēt m inan (Cyrillic spelling пла̀не̄т) (usually Croatia) planet ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “planet”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 == Slovene == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /planéːt/ === Noun === planẹ̑t m inan (astronomy) planet ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === See also === planets of the Solar System: planéti osónčja: Merkúr · Vénera · Zémlja · Márs · Júpiter · Satúrn · Urán · Neptún [edit] === Further reading === “planet”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran “planet”, in Termania, Amebis See also the general references == Swedish == === Etymology 1 === Ultimately from Ancient Greek πλανήτης (planḗtēs). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /plaˈneːt/ ==== Noun ==== planet c (astronomy) planet ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈplɑːnɛt/ ==== Noun ==== planet definite singular of plan == Turkish == === Etymology === Borrowed from French planète. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plaˈnet/ Rhymes: -et Hyphenation: pla‧net === Noun === planet (definite accusative planeti, plural planetler) (astronomy, rare) planet Synonyms: gezegen, (archaic) seyyare ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “planet”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “planet”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “planet”, in Nişanyan Sözlük