plan

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from French plan (“flat surface, ground plot, map”), from Latin plānus. Some sources also argue for influence or alteration of French plant, from plantar, from Latin plantāre (“set, fix in place”). Compare plane, plain. === Pronunciation === enPR: plăn (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA(key): /plæn/ (General American, æ-raising) IPA(key): [pleən] ~ [plɛən] (Standard Southern British, Northern England, Scotland, Wales) IPA(key): /plan/ (Australia) IPA(key): /plæːn/ (Australia, æ-raising) IPA(key): [pleːn] ~ [plɛːn] (New Zealand) IPA(key): /plɛn/ Rhymes: -æn === Noun === plan (plural plans) A drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc. Synonyms: design, scheme; see also Thesaurus:diagram A set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal. Synonyms: design, scheme; see also Thesaurus:design A two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation. Synonym: floor plan A method; a way of procedure; a custom. A subscription to a service. ==== Usage notes ==== A plan ("set of intended actions") can be developed, executed, implemented, ignored, abandoned, scrapped, changed, etc. ==== Synonyms ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Hindi: pelan → Japanese: プラン (puran) → Malay: pelan → Thai: แปลน (bplɛɛn) ==== Translations ==== === Verb === plan (third-person singular simple present plans, present participle planning, simple past and past participle planned) (transitive) To design (a building, machine, etc.). (transitive) To create a plan for. (intransitive) To intend. (intransitive) To make a plan. ==== Usage notes ==== This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === Further reading === “plan”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC. William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “plan”, in The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “plan”, in Online Etymology Dictionary. “plan”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN. “plan”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present. === Anagrams === NALP == Asturian == === Etymology === From planu. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplan/ [ˈplãŋ] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: plan === Noun === plan m (plural planes) plan (colloquial) attitude (colloquial) something convenient or acceptable ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === Xosé Lluis García Arias (2002–2004), “plan”, in Diccionario general de la lengua asturiana [General Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Spanish), Editorial Prensa Asturiana, →ISBN “plan”, in Diccionariu de la llingua asturiana [Dictionary of the Asturian Language] (in Asturian), 1st edition, Academy of the Asturian Language [Asturian: Academia de la Llingua Asturiana], 2000, →ISBN == Azerbaijani == === Pronunciation === === Noun === plan (definite accusative planı, plural planlar) plan (set of intended actions), scheme beş illik planını üç il yarıma yerinə yetirmək ― to complete a five year plan in three and a half years bütün planlar pozuldu ― all plans were ruined draft, plan, scheme, contrivance, road map layout arxa plan ― background ön plan ― foreground bu gündəm arxa plana keçdi ― this agenda faded into the background ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== planlaşdırmaq === Further reading === “plan” in Obastan.com. == Chinese == === Etymology === Borrowed from English plan. === Pronunciation === (Hong Kong Cantonese, alternative) IPA(key): /pʰlɛːn⁵⁵/ === Noun === plan (Hong Kong Cantonese) plan (a subscription to a service) (Classifier: 個／个 c) 手機plan／手机plan [Hong Kong Cantonese] ― sau2 gei1 plan [Jyutping] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example) ==== Derived terms ==== === Verb === plan (Hong Kong Cantonese) to plan ==== Synonyms ==== 計劃／计划 (jìhuà) == Danish == === Etymology === From German Plan (“project, plan”), from French plan (“plan, map; plane”), from Latin plānus (“level, flat, even”), from plānus (“flat, even, level”), from Proto-Italic *plānos, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-no-s (“flattened”), from *pleh₂- (“flat”). === Noun === plan c (singular definite planen, plural indefinite planer) a plan a level or plane ==== Declension ==== == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plɑn/ Hyphenation: plan Rhymes: -ɑn === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from French plan, from Middle French plant. ==== Noun ==== plan n (plural plannen, diminutive plannetje n) a set of intended actions, through which one expects to achieve a goal: plan, plot, scheme a technical drawing a detailed map of a relatively small area, such as a building or settlement Synonym: plattegrond ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Negerhollands: plan → Caribbean Javanese: plan → Indonesian: plan === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== plan inflection of plannen: first-person singular present indicative (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative imperative == French == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plɑ̃/ Homophones: plans, plant, plants === Etymology 1 === From earlier plant, derived from the verb planter, or from Latin planus. Doublet of plant or plain, depending on which etymology is right. ==== Noun ==== plan m (plural plans) map (schematic maps of streets, subways, etc.) un plan du métro ― a subway map plane (flat surface) un plan incliné ― an inclined plane (geometry) plane (film) shot plan Synonym: projet (slang) hookup (short for plan cul) (slang) deal (short for bon plan) (slang, dated) a small case inserted in the rectum in order to hide one's valuables from a full-body search ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Latin plānus. Doublet of plain, which was inherited, and piano. ==== Adjective ==== plan (feminine plane, masculine plural plans, feminine plural planes) planar ===== Derived terms ===== lichen plan === Further reading === “plan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 Auguste Brachet and Jean Jacques (1873), “Plan”, in An etymological dictionary of the French language‎[3] == Friulian == === Etymology === From Latin plānus. === Adjective === plan flat, level, plane ==== Related terms ==== planc ==== See also ==== plac vualîf === Noun === plan m (plural plans) plane plan == German == === Etymology === From Middle High German plān, from Latin plānus. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plaːn/ Rhymes: -aːn === Adjective === plan (strong nominative masculine singular planer, comparative planer, superlative am plansten) (technical) planar, flat, level, smooth Synonym: eben (archaic) plain, forthright ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== planlegen Pläne ==== Related terms ==== Plan === Further reading === “plan”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[4] (in German) “plan” in Duden online == Indonesian == === Alternative forms === pelan (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore) === Etymology === Borrowed from Dutch plan, from French plan (“a ground-plot of a building”), from plan (“flat”), a later form of the vernacular plain, from Latin planus (“flat, plane”). Doublet of pelan. === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈplan/ [ˈplan] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: plan === Noun === plan (uncountable) plan, a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal Synonym: rencana === Further reading === “plan”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Kashubian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Polish plan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplan/ Rhymes: -an Syllabification: plan === Noun === plan m inan plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal) ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “plan”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[5], volume 2, page 425 == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === From German Plan (“project, plan”), from French plan (“plan, map; plane”). === Noun === plan m (definite singular planen, indefinite plural planer, definite plural planene) a plan a level or plane ==== Derived terms ==== === References === “plan” in The Bokmål Dictionary. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plaːn/ === Etymology 1 === From German Plan, from Latin plānum. ==== Noun ==== plan n (definite singular planet, indefinite plural plan, definite plural plana) plane level ===== Derived terms ===== planovergang === Etymology 2 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Noun ==== plan m (definite singular planen, indefinite plural planar, definite plural planane) a plan Kva er planen din? ― What's your plan? ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 3 === From Latin planus. ==== Adjective ==== plan (neuter plant, definite singular and plural plane, comparative planare, indefinite superlative planast, definite superlative planaste) plane, flat === References === “plan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Occitan == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /pla/ === Noun === plan m (plural plans) plan (a drawing showing technical details of a building) plan (a set of intended actions) === Adjective === plan m (feminine singular plana, masculine plural plans, feminine plural planas) flat Synonym: planièr === Adverb === plan well Antonym: mal very, quite Synonym: fòrça mercés plan ― thank you very much === Further reading === Joan de Cantalausa (2006), Diccionari general occitan a partir dels parlars lengadocians‎[6], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 754 == Polish == === Etymology === Borrowed from French plan. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from English plan and German Plan. First attested in the 19th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplan/ Rhymes: -an Syllabification: plan === Noun === plan m inan plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal) [with żeby (+ past-tense clause or infinitive) ‘to do what’] Synonym: zamysł plan (series of actions to be performed in a particular order and at a particular time) Synonyms: program, rozkład plan (design of a creation) Synonyms: szkic, zarys plan (a drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc) plane (place of objects or people in a painting, drawing, theatrical stage or landscape, which is distinguished by the distance from the observer) (film) shot (range of view of the camera, resulting from its distance from the object being filmed) (film) location; set (place where a movie is filmed) all elements of the content or form of a work that have been distinguished as a result of its analysis and contrasted with the others (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Kashubian: plan === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), plan is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 21 times in scientific texts, 81 times in news, 163 times in essays, 11 times in fiction, and 16 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 292 times, making it the 175th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === “plan”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[7] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “plan”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[8] (in Polish) A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “plan”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 220 == Romanian == === Etymology === Borrowed from French plan, from Latin planus. === Noun === plan n (plural planuri) plan (geometry) plane ==== Declension ==== === Adjective === plan m or n (feminine singular plană, masculine plural plani, feminine/neuter plural plane) planar, flat ==== Declension ==== == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Plan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plâːn/ Rhymes: -âːn === Noun === plȃn m inan (Cyrillic spelling пла̑н) plan ==== Declension ==== == Silesian == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Plan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplan/ Rhymes: -an Syllabification: plan === Noun === plan m inan plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal) === Further reading === plan in silling.org == Spanish == === Etymology === By surface analysis, from plano. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈplan/ [ˈplãn] Rhymes: -an Syllabification: plan === Noun === plan m (plural planes) plan scheme (systematic plan of future action) Synonyms: régimen, sistema intention Synonym: intensión (colloquial) mood Synonym: ánimo ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Basque: plan === Further reading === “plan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 == Swedish == === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /plɑːn/ Rhymes: -ɑːn === Adjective === plan (comparative planare, superlative planast) plane (flat) plane (level) ==== Declension ==== === Noun === plan n (mathematics) a plane; flat surface. an airplane / aeroplane Synonym: flygplan a plane; level of existence astralplan ― astral plane ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Noun === plan c a plan (planned actions) a delimited, relatively level and flat area (like a delimited plane) (often used for sports, but also more general); a field, a rink, a yard, etc. a plan (drawing outlining a building, apartment, or the like, often more or less map-like) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === References === “plan”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “plan”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “plan”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) == Turkish == === Alternative forms === plân (superseded) === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish پلان (plân), from French plan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /p(i)ˈlɑn/, [p(i).ˈlɑn̪] Hyphenation: plan === Noun === plan (definite accusative planı, plural planlar) plan plan yapmak ― to plan, to make a plan ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== planlamak === References === Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “plan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN == Volapük == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [plan] === Noun === plan (genitive plana, plural plans) plant (botany) ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== See also ====