phương ngữ

== Vietnamese == === Etymology === Sino-Vietnamese word from 方語, composed of 方 (“region”) and 語 (“language; speech”). This does not seem to be in use in Chinese, Korean, and Japanese, which use 方言 (phương ngôn) instead, a word that has significantly limited usage in Vietnamese. Perhaps a coinage based on the word 言語 / 言语 (ngôn ngữ, “language”). In Chinese, 方語 / 方语 refers to the Phuong language. In papers by Vietnamese linguists, thổ ngữ seems to be the favored term for "dialect". === Pronunciation === (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [fɨəŋ˧˧ ŋɨ˦ˀ˥] (Huế) IPA(key): [fɨəŋ˧˧ ŋɨ˧˨] (Saigon) IPA(key): [fɨəŋ˧˧ ŋɨ˨˩˦] === Noun === phương ngữ topolect; dialect Synonyms: thổ ngữ (scientific), phương ngôn (uncommon) ==== Derived terms ==== phương ngữ học === See also === tiếng (“language, lect”) giọng (“accent”)