pengaruh

== Indonesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Malay pengaruh, ultimately derived from Javanese ꦥꦔꦫꦸꦃ (pangaruh). By surface analysis, peng- +‎ aruh. === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /pəˈŋaruh/ [pəˈŋa.rʊh] Rhymes: -aruh Syllabification: pe‧nga‧ruh === Noun === pêngaruh (plural pengaruh-pengaruh) influence the power to affect, control or manipulate something or someone; the ability to change the development of fluctuating things such as conduct, thoughts or decisions an action exerted by a person or thing with such power on another to cause change ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “pengaruh”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Malay == === Etymology === Borrowed from Javanese pangaruh, from Old Javanese pangaruh. === Pronunciation === (Literary Standard) IPA(key): /pəˈŋaruh/ [pəˈŋa.ruh] Rhymes: -aruh, -ruh, -uh (schwa-variety) IPA(key): /pəˈŋaroh/ [pəˈŋa.roh] Rhymes: -aroh, -roh, -oh Hyphenation: pe‧nga‧ruh === Noun === pengaruh (Jawi spelling ڤڠاروه, plural pengaruh-pengaruh or pengaruh2) influence authority ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== > Indonesian: pengaruh (inherited) === Further reading === "pengaruh" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017