orangutan

== English == === Alternative forms === orang utan, orang-utan, orangutang orang-utang, ourang outang, ourang-outang, ourangoutang (all archaic) oran-otan, oran-outang, orang-hutan, orang-otan, orang-otang, orang-outan, orang-outang, orangotang, orangoutan, orangoutang, ourang-outan, uran-utan (all obsolete) === Etymology === Probably via Dutch orang-oetan, orang-oetang, apparently from Malay orang hutan, orang utan (literally “forest man”), from orang (“person, man”) + hutan (“forest”), although as a term for the animal it is attested only recently (earlier and preferred terms being mawas and mayas). As there is originally no evidence for its usage, except occasionally literally, it must be assumed to have been regional, or a descriptive collocation used to explain the animal to early travellers. Forms in -ng are alterations after the first element, orang. The name orangutan has been used in Old Javanese texts, notably in Rāmāyaṇa and Smaradahana, in the form of uraṅutan and wuraṅutan. Its usage to refer to the apes in these texts (from as early as the 9th century CE) has been seen as a refutation of claims that the name orangutan originates from a European source. === Pronunciation === (UK) IPA(key): /əˌɹæŋ.uːˈtæn/, /əˌɹæŋ.uːˈtæŋ/ (UK, without the horse–hoarse merger) IPA(key): /ɔəˌɹæŋuːˈtæn/, /ˌɔə.ɹæŋˈuː.tæn/ (US) IPA(key): /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæn/, /əˈɹæŋ.əˌtæŋ/, /ɔˈɹæŋ.ʊˌtæn/, /oʊˈɹæŋ-/ (General Australian) IPA(key): /əˈɹæŋˌə.tɛːŋ/, /əˈɹæŋˌə.tæŋ/ (India) IPA(key): /o(ː)ˈrɑːŋ.ɡʊ.ˈʈɑːn/ Hyphenation: rang‧u‧tan === Noun === orangutan (plural orangutans) An arboreal ape, characterised by its shaggy reddish-brown coat and long arms, of the genus Pongo, native to Borneo and Sumatra. ==== Usage notes ==== Formerly considered a single species. First described scientifically in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus as Homo Sylvestris. Renamed Simia pygmaeus in 1760 by his student Christian Emmanuel Hopp, then placed in Pongo by Lacépède in 1799. From 1996, divided into two species: the Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus, with three subspecies) and the Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii). The third species, the Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis), was identified definitively in 2017. ==== Derived terms ==== Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) orangoid Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) ==== Descendants ==== → Catalan: orangutan → Czech: orangutan → Faroese: orangutang (perhaps via another European language) → French: orang-outan, ourang-outang→ Romanian: urangutan → German: Orang-Utan → Greek: ουρακοτάγκος (ourakotágkos) → Hungarian: orangután → Italian: orangutan, orango → Japanese: オランウータン (oran'ūtan) → Korean: 오랑우탄 (orang'utan) → Polish: orangutan → Russian: орангутан (orangutan), орангутанг (orangutang)→ Armenian: օրանգուտան (ōrangutan)→ Ingrian: orang-utan → Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic script: орангу̀та̄н Latin script: orangùtān → Sicilian: rangutanu → Spanish: orangután→ Galician: orangután → Swedish: orangutang → Thai: อุรังอุตัง (ù-rang-ù-dtang) → Turkish: orangutan ==== Translations ==== === References === == Catalan == === Etymology === Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (Northern, Central) [u.ɾəŋ.ɡuˈtan] IPA(key): (Balearic) [o.ɾəŋ.ɡuˈtan] IPA(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [o.ɾaŋ.ɡuˈtan] === Noun === orangutan m (plural orangutans) orangutan === Further reading === “orangutan”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 == Czech == === Etymology === Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈoraŋɡutan] Hyphenation: oran‧gu‧tan === Noun === orangutan m anim (relational adjective orangutaní, diminutive orangutánek) orangutan (any ape of the genus Pongo) ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “orangutan”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “orangutan”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “orangutan”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 == Italian == === Alternative forms === orango, urango, orangotango, orangutango, orangotano, orangutano, rangutan, rangutano === Etymology === Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan. === Noun === orangutan m (invariable) orangutan == Polish == === Etymology === Borrowed from English orangutan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɔ.raŋˈɡu.tan/ Rhymes: -utan Syllabification: o‧ran‧gu‧tan === Noun === orangutan m animal orangutan (any ape of the genus Pongo) ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Kashubian: orangùtan === Further reading === “orangutan”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “orangutan”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[2] (in Polish) orangutan in PWN's encyclopedia == Romanian == === Noun === orangutan m (plural orangutani) alternative form of urangutan ==== Declension ==== == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology === Borrowed from English orangutan, from Malay orang utan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /oranɡǔtaːn/ Hyphenation: o‧ran‧gu‧tan === Noun === orangùtān m anim (Cyrillic spelling орангу̀та̄н) orangutan ==== Declension ==== == Turkish == === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish اورانغوتان (orangutan), from French orangoutan, from Malay orang utan. === Noun === orangutan orangutan ==== Declension ==== === References === Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “orangutan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük