oddać

== Old Polish == === Alternative forms === odać, otdać === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *otъdati. By surface analysis, od- +‎ dać. First attested in 1391. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ɔddat͡ɕʲ/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /ɔddat͡ɕʲ/ === Verb === oddać pf (imperfective oddawać) (attested in Greater Poland) to give back; to pay back; to return (attested in Greater Poland) to give away; to donate; to gift to entrust (to place under someone's care) to give away (to give as a wife) [with dative or za (+ accusative) or z (+ instrumental) ‘to whom’] (reflexive with się) to dedicate oneself to someone or something; to tend to someone or something [with ku (+ dative)], [with na (+ accusative) ‘to whom/what’] (attested in Silesia) to give away; to sell corruption of odjąć ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: oddać Silesian: ôddać === References === Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “dać”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “oddać”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish) B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “oddać, odać, otdać, oddać się”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “oddać”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk == Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish oddać. By surface analysis, od- +‎ dać. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -ɔddat͡ɕ Syllabification: od‧dać === Verb === oddać pf (imperfective oddawać) (ditransitive) to give back, to return (to give to the original owner) [with dative ‘to whom’] Synonym: zwrócić (transitive) to give, to send, to put (to cause a given thing to go to a certain place to have something done to it) [with do (+ genitive) ‘to whom/where’], [with na (+ accusative) ‘for what’] Synonym: dać (ditransitive) to give, to pass (to give someone something designated to them) [with dative ‘to whom’] (transitive) to send (to put a person or animal somewhere so that they may perform particular, usually regular, activities there) [with na (+ accusative) ‘to/for what’] Synonym: dać (transitive) to submit; to put; to place (to cause someone to be the subject of some activity, i.e. under someone's care) [with pod (+ accusative)], [with w (+ accusative) ‘what activity’] (ditransitive) to give away; to offer (to give to someone) [with dative ‘to whom’; or with na (+ accusative) or pod (+ accusative) or do (+ genitive) ‘to what’] Synonyms: ofiarować, podarować (transitive) to open; to give (upon finishing constructoin, to allow people to use i.e. a building) (transitive) to pass; to give (to release from the body) (transitive) to give away (to cease to be the owner or controller of, i.e. power) (ditransitive) to donate; to give (to send one's bodily fluids, etc., to be tested medically) [with dative ‘to whom’; or with do (+ genitive) ‘to what’] (transitive) used as a light verb; to give off (ditransitive) to pay (to show one's respect or positive emotions towards, i.e. homage or tribute) [with dative ‘to whom’] (transitive) to reflect, to mirror; to convey, to portray, to capture (to present something accurately) Synonym: odzwierciedlić Jej słowa doskonale oddały jej stan umysłu. ― Her words perfectly conveyed her state of mind. (transitive, sports) to give away (to allow the opponent to win) (ditransitive) to return, to give back, to reciprocate (to perform the same gesture as someone else) [with dative ‘to whom’] (ditransitive) to return, to give back, to reciprocate (to perform the proper gesture or action) (transitive, card games) to give away; to send back (to play a card for which one does not earn points or for which one's opponent earns points) (transitive) to give; to sell (to transfer ownership for money) Synonym: sprzedać (transitive, obsolete, chemistry) to break off; to separate (transitive, obsolete) to pick up, to receive Synonym: odebrać (transitive, Middle Polish) to get back, to get even; to avenge (to get revenge) (transitive, Middle Polish) to give away (to give as a spouse) (transitive, Middle Polish) to allocate, to earmark, to dedicate (to specify or set aside for a particular purpose) (transitive, Middle Polish) to pass along; to repeat (to say someone else's words) (transitive, Middle Polish) to reply, to answer Synonym: odpowiedzieć (transitive, Middle Polish) to give credit, to assign responsibility (transitive, Middle Polish) to offer, to sacrifice Synonym: ofiarować (transitive, Middle Polish) to fulfil, to deliver, to meet Synonym: wywiązać się (reflexive with się) to give oneself away (to allow external forces to decide one's fate) [with w (+ accusative) or pod (+ accusative) ‘to whom/what’] (reflexive with się) to dedicate oneself, to devote oneself (to focus all of one's energy on something) [with dative ‘to what’] (reflexive with się) to give oneself (to allow oneself to have a sexual relation with) [with dative ‘to whom’] (reflexive with się, obsolete) to give oneself away (to marry) (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be given away; to be entrusted (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to give oneself (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be given back, to be returned (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be reflected, to be mirrored; to be conveyed, to be portrayed, to be captured ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), oddać is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 2 times in scientific texts, 19 times in news, 6 times in essays, 14 times in fiction, and 32 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 73 times, making it the 883rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === oddać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN oddać się in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN oddać in Polish dictionaries at PWN Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “oddać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “oddać się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “ODDAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 24.03.2016 “ODDAĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.09.2008 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “oddać”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “oddać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “oddać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 582 oddać in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego