od podstaw

== Polish == === Etymology === Literally, “from [the] foundations”. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɔt‿ˈpɔt.staf/ Rhymes: -ɔtstaf Syllabification: od‿pod‧staw === Adverb === od podstaw (not comparable) (idiomatic) from the ground up, from scratch Synonym: od zera === Further reading === od podstaw in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN od podstaw in Polish dictionaries at PWN