obnoxius

== Latin == === Etymology === From ob- (prefix meaning ‘against; towards’) +‎ noxa (“harm, hurt, injury; crime, fault, offence”) +‎ -ius (suffix forming adjectives). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to disappear; to perish”). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ɔbˈnɔk.si.ʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [obˈnɔk.si.us] === Adjective === obnoxius (feminine obnoxia, neuter obnoxium, adverb obnoxiē); first/second-declension adjective (Old Latin, chiefly Late Latin) punishable, liable, guilty, referring to: (rare) the injured party (with dative, ablative or genitive) a fault c. 550 CE, Cassiodorus, Historia ecclesiastica tripartita 6.14.5 in Patrologia Latina (volume 69), Jacques-Paul Migne (editor), Paris 1865, column 1040: Proptereā ergō in suspiciōnem et odium veniēns pāgānōrum, quoniam pūblicē sacrificantēs inspiciēns stābat, et ingemiscēns ōrābat atque clāmābat, nē ūllus Chrīstiānōrum huiusmodī errōre tenērētur obnoxius. He came to be suspected and hated by Pagans, because he stood looking at those sacrificing in public while praying and shouting in a groaning manner, so that none of the Christians would be held guilty of this sort of error. a punishment obliged, indebted subject to someone, under one's authority 30 BCE, Horace, Satires 2.7.6–8: Pars hominum vitiīs gaudet cōnstanter et urgetprōpositum; pars multa natat, modo rēcta capessēns,interdum prāvīs obnoxia. A portion of men constantly takes joy in vice and stays true totheir purpose; a great portion wavers, now engaging in rightful things,other times subject to sin. susceptible to danger, misfortune, or weakness, vulnerable Synonyms: dēbilis, fractus, aeger, tenuis, inops, languidus Antonyms: praevalēns, fortis, potis, potēns, validus, strēnuus, compos liable or addicted to a fault or failing, guilty of it Synonyms: noxius, reus, cōnscius Antonyms: īnsōns, castus, innocēns, innoxius c. 140 CE, Marcus Cornelius Fronto, Epistles 4.1.3: Invidia perniciōsum inter hominēs malum maximēque internecīvum, sibi aliīsque pariter obnoxium. Envy is a pernicious and most deadly evil along men, just as harmful to oneself and to others. (law, of goods from a debtor) being security for a bond, debt, credit, etc., liable to be distressed, seized; extended to the debtor: answerable, e.g., by confinement or corporal punishment Coordinate terms: nexus, nexum ==== Declension ==== First/second-declension adjective. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Catalan: obnoxi → English: obnoxious → Portuguese: obnóxio → Spanish: obnoxio === References === “obnoxius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “obnoxius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “obnoxius”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. “obnoxius” in volume 9, part 2, column 124, line 25 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present