obdurate

== English == === Etymology 1 === First attested in the 1450s, in Middle English; inherited from Middle English obdurat(e), borrowed from Latin obdūrātus (“hardened”), perfect passive participle of obdūrō (“to harden”) (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), from ob- (“against”) + dūrō (“to harden, render hard”), from dūrus (“hard”). Compare durable, endure. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈɒbdʒʊɹɪt/, /ˈɒbdjʊɹɪt/, /ˈɒbdʒəɹɪt/, /-ət/ (General American) IPA(key): /ˈɑbd(j)ʊɹɪt/, /ˈɑbd(j)əɹɪt/, /-ət/ Sometimes accented on the second syllable, especially by the older poets. ==== Adjective ==== obdurate (comparative more obdurate, superlative most obdurate) Stubbornly persistent, generally in wrongdoing; refusing to reform or repent. Synonyms: hardened, hard-hearted, impertinent, intractable, unrepentant, unyielding, recalcitrant, headstrong, (obsolete) obdure (obsolete) Physically hardened, toughened. Hardened against feeling; hard-hearted. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Latin obdūrātus, see Etymology 1 and -ate (verb-forming suffix) for more ==== Verb ==== obdurate (third-person singular simple present obdurates, present participle obdurating, simple past and past participle obdurated) (transitive, obsolete) To harden; to obdure. [c. 1540-1860] (Can we add an example for this sense?) === References === === Anagrams === taboured == Latin == === Verb === obdūrāte second-person plural present active imperative of obdūrō