niin

== Eastern Ojibwa == === Alternative forms === nii === Pronoun === niin first-person singular pronoun: I, me === References === Jerry Randolph Valentine (2001), Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar, University of Toronto, page 122 == Finnish == === Alternative forms === nii (colloquial) === Etymology === The instructive plural form of ne (“they (things and animals)”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈniːn/, [ˈniːn] IPA(key): /ˈniː/, [ˈniː] (colloquial) Rhymes: -iːn Syllabification(key): niin Hyphenation(key): niin === Adverb === niin (not comparable) so, then, in that case Synonym: joten so, to this or that extent like that, in that way, so (in a way that the speaker does not directly show) very (to a great extent; especially when used emphatically or when talking about how one feels) (dialectal) Used to stress a contradicting element in a sentence. No unambiguous translation into English. Synonym: (standard) -pas ==== Usage notes ==== niin as an answer often has an additional meaning of "of course". As in the example, the interrogative suffix -ko / -kö is usually attached to the point of the question. ==== Derived terms ==== === Conjunction === niin (coordinating) then; used to introduce the main clause after an auxiliary clause In the structure niin ... kuin ...: ... as well as ... niin siellä kuin täällä ― in there as well as in here ==== Usage notes ==== In the sense "then" (to introduce the main clause), especially when used with jos (“if”), niin can often be omitted when no emphasis is desired. Its omission is more common in formal texts, while colloquially it is usually left in. === Interjection === niin yes, yeah (especially when asked to confirm something) Synonyms: kyllä, joo, juu, jep right (either indicating agreement or having no opinion) Synonyms: aivan, jep, niinpä, näin, näinpä ==== Usage notes ==== Affirmation is traditionally rather expressed through repetition of the verb than using the interjection. === Pronoun === niin instructive plural of ne === Further reading === “niin”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023 == Ingrian == === Alternative forms === nii, ni === Etymology === Instructive of neet (“these”). Akin to Finnish niin. === Pronunciation === (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈniːn/, [ˈniːn] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈniːn/, [ˈniːn] Rhymes: -iːn Hyphenation: niin === Particle === niin yes ==== Synonyms ==== ja ==== Antonyms ==== ei === Adverb === niin so (in that way) ==== Usage notes ==== Niin is used anaphorically (having a referent whithin the linguistic context), while näin and noin are used deictically (having a referent outside the linguistic context). Compare a similar difference between neet (“these, those”), nämät (“these”) and noo (“those”). === Conjunction === niin Used to join two verbal phrases in a causal relation: therefore, then ==== Derived terms ==== === References === V. I. Junus (1936), Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 133 Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 342 == Japanese == === Romanization === niin Rōmaji transcription of にいん == Kalkoti == === Etymology === Inherited from Sanskrit नि॒द्रा (nidrā́), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *nidráH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *nidráH, from Proto-Indo-European *ni-dréh₂, from *ní + *dreh₂-. === Noun === niin f sleep === References === Hultman, David (2023) Topics in the grammar of Kalkoti (Thesis)‎[3], Stockholm University, page 35 == Ojibwe == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Algonquian *ni·ra. Cognate to Ottawa/Eastern Ojibwa niin, Potawatomi nin, Powhatan near, Plains Cree nîya. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /niːn/ === Pronoun === niin anim (Syllabics: ᓃᓐ) first-person singular pronoun: I, me ==== Usage notes ==== Unlike in English, the first person is often expressed in Ojibwe by adding the personal prefix ni- and a corresponding suffix to the verb. The indepedent personal pronoun niin is often used to express emphasis or contrast, or when there is no verb in the sentence. ==== Related terms ==== niinawind niineta niinitam ni- ==== See also ==== === References === Nora Livesay and John D. Nichols, editors (2012-2021), “niin”, in Ojibwe People's Dictionary‎[4], University of Minnesota