nb

== Demotic Egyptian == === Etymology 1 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /niːβ/ ==== Determiner ==== (definite) all, every (indefinite) any ===== Descendants ===== Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ (niben) Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲓ (nibi) Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) Oxyrhynchite Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) Coptic Dialect P: ⲛⲓⲃ (nib) Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /neːβ/ ==== Noun ==== m lord ===== Descendants ===== Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb) Old Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb) === Etymology 3 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈneːβə/ ==== Noun ==== f mistress, lady (woman with authority over something) === References === Erichsen, Wolja (1954), Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, pages 212–213 Johnson, Janet (2000), Thus Wrote ꜥOnchsheshonqy: An Introductory Grammar of Demotic‎[1], third edition, Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, →ISBN, page 7 == Egyptian == === Etymology 1 === ==== Pronunciation ==== (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /nɛb/ Conventional anglicization: neb ==== Determiner ==== all, every every other all sorts of, all kinds of (especially in negated clauses) any ===== Inflection ===== In the Pyramid Texts of Unas, among certain other Old Egyptian texts, nb is usually not inflected by gender and number but invariably appears as nb. Even within these texts, however, inflected forms sporadically appear. In Late Egyptian, as all forms collapsed together with the masculine singular, the usual writing of the word came to follow the old feminine singular, (nbt). ===== Alternative forms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Demotic Egyptian: (nb) Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲉⲛ (niben) Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲃⲓ (nibi) Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) Oxyrhynchite Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) Coptic Dialect P: ⲛⲓⲃ (nib) Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲓⲙ (nim) === Etymology 2 === Ehret attempts to derive this term from a Proto-Afroasiatic *ruub- (“to send”); as with other attempts at reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic, academic consensus is lacking, and in this case the derivation is not particularly plausible. ==== Pronunciation ==== (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /nɛb/ Conventional anglicization: neb ==== Noun ==== m lord, master, ruler (of a place or people) 12th Dynasty, Stela of Nakhti, British Museum EA 143: (without following genitive noun, often as a term of address) master, superior master (of a span of time) owner, possessor, bearer (of an object) possessor (of an abstract quality) an epithet of the king an epithet of various gods, especially Osiris ===== Inflection ===== ===== Alternative forms ===== By the Late Period, the usual writing of the word came to follow the old feminine equivalent nbt (“lady, mistress”), as the two words merged into one. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Demotic Egyptian: (nb) Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb) Old Coptic: ⲛⲏⲃ (nēb) === Etymology 3 === From m- (noun-forming prefix) +‎ *bw(j) (“abomination”) with regular dissimilation of m- to n- before a labial; for the stem, compare bwt (“abomination”), bwj (“to abominate”). ==== Pronunciation ==== (reconstructed Late Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈnaβi/ (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /nɛb/ Conventional anglicization: neb ==== Noun ==== m (hapax legomenon) sin, damage, impurity [Greco-Roman Period] ===== Descendants ===== Demotic Egyptian: ⁠⁠ (nby), ⁠⁠⁠ (nbe.t) Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe) Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲓ (nobi) Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲓ (nabi), ⲛⲁϥⲓ (nafi) Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲁⲃⲉ (nabe) Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲃⲉ (nobe) === Etymology 4 === ==== Romanization ==== nb Alternative transliteration of nbw (“gold”). ==== References ==== “nb (lemma ID 81660)”, “nb (lemma ID 81650)”, and “nbw (lemma ID 82730)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎[2], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023 Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1928), Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎[3], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 227.5–230.14, 234.3–236.5 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 128–129 Wilson, Penelope (1991), A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages 896–897, 903 Černý, Jaroslav (1976), Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 106 Hoch, James (1997), Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 42 == English == === Pronunciation === === Pronoun === nb (Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of nobody. === Noun === nb (cricket) Initialism of no ball. === Phrase === nb Initialism of nota bene. === Adjective === nb (not comparable) Alternative form of NB (“non-binary”). === Anagrams === B.N., Bn, Bn., bn, bn. == Translingual == === Etymology === Initialism of English Norwegian Bokmål. === Symbol === nb (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Norwegian Bokmål. === See also === Wiktionary’s coverage of Norwegian Bokmål terms