nauka

== Basque == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /nau̯ka/ [nau̯.ka] Rhymes: -au̯ka, -a Hyphenation: nau‧ka === Verb === nauka (masculine allocutive naukak, feminine allocutive naukan) Third-person singular (hark), taking first-person singular (ni) as direct object, present indicative form of eduki (“to have”). == Czech == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Czech nauka, from Proto-Slavic *nauka. By surface analysis, deverbal from naučit. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈnaʔuka] === Noun === nauka f science teachings (summary of declared opinions) (dated) teaching (act of educating) ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “nauka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “nauka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “nauka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 == Huichol == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈnau̯.ka/ === Numeral === náuka four == Old Czech == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nauka. By surface analysis, deverbal from naučiti. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈnauka/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈnauka/ === Noun === nauka f (diminutive naučka) (Christianity, law) curse (severe papal punishment of guilty Christians) document issuing such a punishment ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== Czech: nauka === References === Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “nauka”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění == Old Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nauka. By surface analysis, deverbal from nauczyć. First attested in the end of the 14th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /na(ː)uka/ IPA(key): (15th CE) /nauka/, /nɒuka/ === Noun === nauka f (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) science (general collection of knowledge, abilities, or views) (attested in Lesser Poland) instruction, notification, information, advice; collection of instructions (law, attested in Greater Poland) legal instruction (attested in Lesser Poland, Southern Borderlands) study (act of learning) ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Polish: nauka Silesian: nauka === References === Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “nauka”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN Mańczak, Witold (2017), “nauka”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “nauka”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish) B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “nauka”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “nauka”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk == Polish == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish nauka. By surface analysis, deverbal from nauczyć. === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -uka Syllabification: na‧u‧ka === Noun === nauka f (related adjective naukowy) (uncountable) science (systematic method of verifying knowledge) (countable) science (field of study within such a system) [with o (+ locative) ‘of what’] (countable) teachings; dogma (set of views or theories held by some entity) (countable) lesson (something learned or to be learned) (uncountable) teaching (act of educating) Synonym: uczenie (uncountable) learning (act of acquiring knowledge) Synonym: uczenie się (countable, Christianity) sermon Synonym: kazanie (uncountable, obsolete) education; knowledge (obsolete) trick (effective, clever or quick way of doing something) Synonym: sztuczka (Middle Polish) animal training Synonym: tresura (Middle Polish) order; persuasion; ad hoc recommendation; tip (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Trivia === According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), nauka is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 54 times in scientific texts, 43 times in news, 76 times in essays, 7 times in fiction, and 13 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 193 times, making it the 290th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words. === References === === Further reading === nauka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN nauka in Polish dictionaries at PWN Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “nauka”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish] “NAUKA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 14.01.2014 Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “nauka”, in Słownik języka polskiego Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “nauka”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861 J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “nauka”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page 195 == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nauka. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /nǎuka/ Hyphenation: na‧u‧ka === Noun === nàuka f (Cyrillic spelling на̀ука) (chiefly Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro) science ==== Usage notes ==== In Croatia, the more commonly used and preferred literary word is znȁnōst. ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== naučan === Further reading === “nauka”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026 == Silesian == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Polish nauka. By surface analysis, deverbal from nauczyć. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /naˈu.ka/ Rhymes: -uka Syllabification: na‧u‧ka === Noun === nauka f science (systematic method of verifying knowledge) study (process of learning) Synonyms: edukacyjŏ, (Cieszyn) uczynie (Christianity) sermon advice Synonym: dorada ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === nauka in silling.org