monsieur

== English == === Etymology === From French monsieur. Doublet of monseigneur and monsignor. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /məˈsjʊə(ɹ)/, /məˈsjɜː(ɹ)/ === Noun === monsieur (plural monsieurs or messieurs) (dated) A man, especially a French gentleman. ==== Related terms ==== croque-monsieur === Anagrams === inermous == French == === Etymology === From mon (“my”) + sieur, from the oblique case of Old French sire (cf. also seignor), ultimately from Latin senior. The first syllable has been reduced through frequent use. Loss of word-final /r/ was common in Early Modern French, but failed to establish itself except in the morphemes -er and -ier. Monsieur and gars are two relics of this pronunciation habit. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /mə.sjø/ IPA(key): (archaic, sometimes jocular) /mɔ.sjø/, (obsolete) /mɔ̃.sjø/ === Noun === monsieur m (plural messieurs) mister, sir (a title or form of address for a man, used with or without the name in direct or third-person address) gentleman ==== Usage notes ==== A custom held that it was impolite to use Monsieur with a family name (e.g. Monsieur Dupont) in direct address from a hierarchical inferior to a superior, unless it was needed to disambiguate. Instead, one should simply address the person as Monsieur. This custom may now be obsolete. Unlike in English, Monsieur is frequently used without a name or article as a polite reference to a man in the third person, notably in official registers: Additionally, Monsieur (and Madame) are sometimes used in conjunction with titles/roles in formal registers. Although un/le monsieur is used as a common noun to mean "a/the gentleman", using the word une/la madame to mean "a/the lady" is considered childish language. Instead, une/la dame is used. ==== Synonyms ==== M. Mr ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== monseigneur sieur sire ==== Descendants ==== (Some of these may be derived from Middle French.) Saint Dominican Creole French: mouchéHaitian Creole: mesye, msye → English: monsieur → Spanish: mesié, musiú → Fula: musel → Hausa: mùshê → Ladino: musyu → Ottoman Turkish: موسیو (mösyö), միւսիւ (müsü) — Armeno-TurkishTurkish: mösyö→ Armenian: միւսիւ (miwsiw) → Romanian: musiu → Russian: месье́ (mesʹjé), мсьё (msʹjo) → Vietnamese: me-xừ ==== See also ==== madame mademoiselle monseigneur === Further reading === “monsieur”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 === Anagrams === muerions remuions