mold

== English == === Alternative forms === mould (Commonwealth) === Pronunciation === enPR: mŏld, mōld (UK) IPA(key): /məʊld/, /mɔʊld/ (US) IPA(key): /moʊld/ Rhymes: -əʊld === Etymology 1 === From Middle English molde (“mold, cast”), from Old French modle, mole, from Latin modulus, from Latin modus. Doublet of module, modulus, and model. ==== Noun ==== mold (countable and uncountable, plural molds) (American spelling) A hollow form or matrix for shaping a fluid or plastic substance. A frame or model around or on which something is formed or shaped. Something that is made in or shaped on a mold. The shape or pattern of a mold. General shape or form. 1711, Alexander Pope, "The Temple of Fame", in The Works of Alexander Pope: New Ed. Including Several Hundred Unpublished Letters, and Other New Materials, Collected in Part by John Wilson Croker. With Introd. and Notes by Whitwell Elwin, Volume 1, J.Murray, p.206 Crowned with an architrave of antique mould. Distinctive character or type. A fixed or restrictive pattern or form. (architecture) A group of moldings. (anatomy) A fontanelle. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== mold (third-person singular simple present molds, present participle molding, simple past and past participle molded) (American spelling) (transitive) To shape in or on a mold; to form into a particular shape; to give shape to. 1978, Job 10:8-9, Old Testament, New International Version: Your hands shaped me and made me … Remember that you molded me like clay. (transitive) To guide or determine the growth or development of; influence 1963. Haile Selassie (translated) It is you who must mold the minds of your students that they may be wise, farsighted, intelligent, profound in their thinking, devoted to their country and government and fruitful in their work. It is you who must sense as the example. (transitive) To fit closely by following the contours of. (transitive) To make a mold of or from (molten metal, for example) before casting. (transitive) To ornament with moldings. (intransitive) To be shaped in or as if in a mold. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From Middle English mowlde, noun use and alteration of mowled, past participle of mowlen, moulen (“to grow moldy”), from Old Norse mygla (compare dialectal Danish mugle), from Proto-Germanic *muglōną, diminutive and denominative of *mukiz 'soft substance' (compare Old Norse myki, mykr (“cow dung”)), from Proto-Indo-European *mewk- (“slick, soft”). More at muck and meek. ==== Noun ==== mold (countable and uncountable, plural molds) (American spelling) A natural substance in the form of a furry or woolly growth of tiny fungi that appears when organic material lies for a long time exposed to (usually warm and moist) air. Synonym: moulder (obsolete, rare) Hypernym: growth Coordinate terms: yeast, mushroom A fungus that creates such furry growths. Hypernyms: fungus < organism Coordinate terms: yeast, mushroom ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ===== See also ===== mildew ==== Verb ==== mold (third-person singular simple present molds, present participle molding, simple past and past participle molded) (American spelling) (transitive) To cause to become moldy; to cause mold to grow upon. (intransitive) To become moldy; to be covered or filled, in whole or in part, with a mold. ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 3 === From Middle English molde, from Old English molde, from Proto-Germanic *muldō (“dirt, soil”) (compare Old Frisian molde, Middle Dutch moude, Dutch moude, obsolete German Molte, Norwegian Bokmål mold, and Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda)), from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥h₂-téh₂ (compare Ashkun mič, Kamkata-viri muři, mřey, mřëi, Prasuni mire, Waigali muk, all meaning "clay"). ==== Noun ==== mold (countable and uncountable, plural molds) Loose friable soil, rich in humus and fit for planting. (UK, dialectal, chiefly plural) Earth, ground. ===== Alternative forms ===== mool mould ===== Derived terms ===== leaf mold moldboard vegetable mold ===== Translations ===== ==== Verb ==== mold (third-person singular simple present molds, present participle molding, simple past and past participle molded) (American spelling) To cover with mold or soil. === Etymology 4 === From Middle English molde (“top of the head”), from Old English molda, molde, from Proto-West Germanic *moldō, from Proto-Germanic *muldô, from a Proto-Indo-European *ml̥Hdʰṓ, parallel to Sanskrit मूर्धन् (mūrdhán). ==== Noun ==== mold (uncountable) (dialectal or obsolete) The top or crown of the head. ===== Alternative forms ===== mould === References === === Anagrams === LMDO == Faroese == === Etymology === From Old Norse mold, from Proto-Germanic *muldō ‘dirt, soil’, from Proto-Indo-European *ml̥h₂-téh₂, from *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [mɔlt] === Noun === mold f (genitive singular moldar, uncountable) (agriculture) earth, humus soil, humus layer tá myndaði Harrin Guð mannin av mold jarðar And the Lord God formed man of the soil of the ground (Genesis 2,7) ==== Declension ==== == Icelandic == === Etymology === From Old Norse mold, from Proto-Germanic *muldō (“dirt, soil”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /mɔlt/ Rhymes: -ɔlt === Noun === mold f (genitive singular moldar, nominative plural moldir) dirt, mold, humus, ground, earth ==== Declension ==== === References === Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989), “mold”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.) Kristín Bjarnadóttir, editor (2002–2026), “mold”, in Beygingarlýsing íslensks nútímamáls [The Database of Modern Icelandic Inflection] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies Mörður Árnason (2019), Íslensk orðabók, 5th edition, Reykjavík: Forlagið “mold” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages) “mold”, in Ritmálssafn Orðabókar Háskólans [The Written Collection of the Lexicological Institute] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== mold alternative form of molde (“earth”) === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== mold alternative form of molde (“top of the head”) === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== mold alternative form of molde (“mold”) === Etymology 4 === ==== Noun ==== mold alternative form of molle (“mole”) === Etymology 5 === ==== Verb ==== mold alternative form of molden == Norwegian Bokmål == === Etymology === From Norwegian Nynorsk mold, from Old Norse mold (“earth, dirt, soil”), from Proto-Germanic *muldō (“mould, soil, dirt”), from Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- (“to grind, crush”). Doublet of muld of Danish origin. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /mɔl/ Rhymes: -ɔl Hyphenation: mold Homophone: moll === Noun === mold f or m (definite singular molda or molden, indefinite plural molder, definite plural moldene) humus, earth, soil, topsoil ==== Alternative forms ==== muld === References === “mold” in The Bokmål Dictionary. “mold” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB). == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology === From Old Norse mold, from Proto-Germanic *muldō. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /mɔlː/ === Noun === mold f (definite singular molda, uncountable) humus, earth, soil, topsoil === References === “mold” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Old Norse == === Etymology === From Proto-Germanic *muldō (“dirt, soil”). Cognate with Old English molde (English mold), Old High German molta, Gothic 𐌼𐌿𐌻𐌳𐌰 (mulda). === Pronunciation === (12th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /mõld/ === Noun === mold f (genitive moldar, plural moldir) earth, dirt, soil Vǫluspá, verse 2 ==== Declension ==== ==== Descendants ==== === Further reading === Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “mold”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive