magnus

== Latin == === Etymology === From Proto-Italic *magnos, from Proto-Indo-European *m̥ǵh₂nós, from *méǵh₂s (“great”). Cognates include Ancient Greek μέγᾰς (mégăs, “big; large”), Sanskrit म॒ह (mahá, “great; mighty; strong; abundant”), Middle Persian ms (meh/mah, “great”) (from earlier *maθ and whence Persian مه (meh)), Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰- (maz-, “large”), Tocharian B māka (“large”), Hittite [script needed] (mēkkis, “much; many; numerous”), Old Armenian մեծ (mec), Old Irish maige (“great, large”), Albanian madh (“large”) and Old English micel (English much). === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈmaŋ.nʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈmaɲ.ɲus] === Adjective === magnus (feminine magna, neuter magnum, comparative maior, superlative maximus or maxumus, adverb magnopere); first/second-declension adjective (literally): great, large, big; (of things) vast, extensive, spacious (of physical size or quantity) Magna Britannia ― Great Britain mare magnum ― great sea especially: great, much, abundant, considerable (of measure, weight, quantity) (rare, of time) synonym of longus, multus loud, powerful, strong, mighty (of voice) (figurative): (in general) great, grand, mighty, noble, lofty, important, of great weight or importance, momentous Carolus Magnus ― Charlemagne / Charles the Great (in particular): advanced in years, of great age, aged (of age, with nātu) (in specifications of value, in the neutral absolute) high, dear, of great value, at a high price ==== Usage notes ==== Different dictionaries and grammars give different vowel lengths. Some have magnus, major/maior, maximus (e.g. Lewis & Short, Gaffiot, OLD), others have māgnus, major/maior, maximus (e.g. Allen & Greenough). māj- in those that don't distinguish syllable weight from vowel length is due to the first syllable being regularly made long by position, since an intervocalic /j/ is normally double). In Late Latin, magnus increasingly took on abstract senses, while the concrete sense of 'large' was assigned to grandis. ==== Declension ==== First/second-declension adjective, with locative. In Old Latin, the genitive magnai for magnae is attested (in Plautus' Miles Gloriosus). The adjective has irregular comparative and superlative degrees. ==== Synonyms ==== grandis ==== Antonyms ==== parvus ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== (Note: see also tam magnus and permagnus.) === References === “magnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “magnus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "magnus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “magnus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 939/3. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. “magnus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray J. B. Greenough, G. L. Kittredge, A. A. Howard, Benj. L. D'Ooge, editors (1903), Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges, Founded on Comparative Grammar, pages 3 and 56