lingua franca

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from Italian lingua franca (literally “Frankish language”). === Pronunciation === (UK) IPA(key): /ˈlɪŋ.ɡwə ˈfɹæŋ.kə/ === Noun === lingua franca (plural lingua francas or lingue franche or linguae francae or (rare) linguas franca) (see usage notes) A common language used by people of diverse backgrounds to communicate with one another, often a basic form of speech with simplified grammar, particularly, one that is not the first language of any of its speakers. Synonyms: koine, link language, trade language, vehicular language Coordinate terms: vernacular; world language ==== Usage notes ==== The most common plural form in English is lingua francas; however, the plural forms lingue franche (following the Italian) and linguae francae (in the style of Latin) are both fairly common as well. Also attested, but quite rare, is the form linguas franca (treating lingua alone as the noun and taking franca as an adjective; compare attorneys general, forests primeval). ==== Related terms ==== ==== Translations ==== == Czech == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from Italian lingua franca. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [lɪŋɡva fraŋka] === Noun === lingua franca f (historical) Mediterranean Lingua Franca (common language spoken in Mediterranean ports in centuries past) (linguistics) lingua franca (common language) === Further reading === “lingua franca”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 “lingua franca”, in Nový encyklopedický slovník češtiny (in Czech), 2012–2020 == Indonesian == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from Italian lingua franca. === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /liˌŋua ˈfranka/ [liˌŋu.a ˈfran.ka] Rhymes: -anka === Noun === lingua franca (linguistics) synonym of bahasa perantara === Further reading === “lingua franca”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Italian == === Etymology === Literally, “Frankish language.” === Noun === lingua franca f (invariable) the Mediterranean Lingua Franca, a common language spoken in Mediterranean ports in centuries past (consisting of Italian mixed with French, Spanish, Arabic and some Greek words and used by sailors of different countries to communicate with one another) == Polish == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from Italian lingua franca. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈliŋ.ɡwa ˈfraŋ.ka/ Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually] === Noun === lingua franca f (indeclinable) (historical) Mediterranean Lingua Franca (common language spoken in Mediterranean ports in centuries past) (linguistics) lingua franca (common language) === Further reading === “lingua franca”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[2] (in Polish) lingua franca in PWN's encyclopedia