kuli

== English == === Noun === kuli (plural kulis) Archaic spelling of coolie. === See also === kuli-kuli (etymologically unrelated) == Äiwoo == === Etymology === Borrowed from a Polynesian language, from Proto-Polynesian *kuli, whence Samoan 'ulī, Tongan kulī, Tahitian ʻurī, Tuamotuan kuri and Māori kurī. === Noun === kuli dog === References === Ross, M. & Næss, Å. (2007), “An Oceanic origin for Äiwoo, the language of the Reef Islands?”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 46, number 2. Cited in: "Äiwoo" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283. == Atong (India) == === Alternative forms === khuli === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kuli/ === Verb === kuli- (Bengali script কুলি) to open === References === van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary. == Bola == === Noun === kuli skin === References === René van den Berg and Brent Wiebe, Bola Grammar Sketch, p. 59 == Cebuano == === Etymology 1 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /kuˈliʔ/ [kʊˈl̪iʔ] Hyphenation: ku‧li ==== Verb ==== kulî (Badlit spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜒ) to be senile ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈkuliʔ/ [ˈku.l̪ɪʔ] Hyphenation: ku‧li ==== Adjective ==== kulì (Badlit spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜒ) having a hard time due to some obstacle reluctant ==== Adverb ==== kulì (Badlit spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜒ) reluctantly seldom; rarely ==== Verb ==== kulì (Badlit spelling ᜃᜓᜎᜒ) to have a hard time doing something ===== Derived terms ===== == Czech == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkulɪ] === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== kuli m anim coolie (unskilled Asian worker) ===== Declension ===== ==== Further reading ==== “kuli”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957 “kuli”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989 “kuli”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026 === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Participle ==== kuli animate masculine plural past active participle of kout == Drehu == === Etymology === Borrowed from a Polynesian language, from Proto-Polynesian *kuli, whence Samoan 'ulī, Tongan kulī, Tahitian ʻurī, Tuamotuan kuri and Māori kurī. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kuli/ === Noun === kuli dog === References === Tyron, D.T., Hackman, B. (1983), Solomon Islands languages: An internal classification. Cited in: "Dehu" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283. Leenhardt, M. (1946), Langues et dialectes de l'Austro-Mèlanèsie. Cited in: "ⁿDe’u" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283. == Fijian == === Etymology === From Proto-Central-Pacific *kuli, from Proto-Oceanic *kulit, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit, from Proto-Austronesian *qaNiC. === Noun === kuli skin (outer covering of the body of a person) == Finnish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkuli/, [ˈkuli] Rhymes: -uli Syllabification(key): ku‧li Hyphenation(key): ku‧li === Etymology 1 === From Russian куль (kulʹ). ==== Noun ==== kuli (historical) an old Russian unit of weight, used for grain and equal to 9 poods or around 147.42 kilograms Synonyms: matto, jauhomatto ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === From Hindi क़ुली (qulī), Urdu قلی. ==== Noun ==== kuli coolie ===== Declension ===== ==== Further reading ==== “kuli”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[4] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023 === Anagrams === ilku, kilu, luki == Hawaiian == === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Polynesian *tuli, from Proto-Oceanic *tuli, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuli, from Proto-Austronesian *Culi. ==== Verb ==== kuli (stative) to be deaf (not hearing) ==== References ==== === Etymology 2 === From Proto-Polynesian *turi (compare with Māori turi), from Proto-Central Pacific *tur-i, from Proto-Oceanic *tur (compare with Fijian duru), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuhud (compare with Malay tuhut and lutut, Tagalog tuhod), from Proto-Austronesian *tuduS. ==== Noun ==== kuli (anatomy) knee ===== Derived terms ===== kukuli ==== References ==== == Hungarian == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkuli] Hyphenation: ku‧li Rhymes: -li === Noun === kuli (plural kulik) coolie ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === (coolie): kuli in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN. ([regional] inward-turning [horn or cattle with such horn]): kuli in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN. == Indonesian == === Alternative forms === koeli (1901–1947) === Etymology === From Malay kuli, from Hindi क़ुली (qulī), from Chagatai قل (qul), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”). Other forms occur in Bengali কুলি (kuli) and Tamil கூலி (kūli, “daily hire”), which are possibly also influenced by Hindi कोली (kolī, “weaver; low-class”). The Chinese word 苦力 (kǔlì), meaning "to exert one's abilities; heavy labour work" in Classical Chinese, may have been influenced by cognates of the above Hindi word in other languages and may have further influenced English. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈku.li] Hyphenation: ku‧li === Noun === kuli (plural kuli-kuli) laborer; coolie Synonyms: pekerja kasar, buruh kasar ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “kuli”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Ingrian == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Russian куль (kulʹ). Doublet of kulja. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkuli/, [ˈkulʲiˑ] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkuli/, [ˈkuliˑ] Rhymes: -uli Hyphenation: ku‧li ==== Noun ==== kuli bast sack a unit of dry volume equivalent to around 293 liters ===== Usage notes ===== One kuli is equal to eight vakka. ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === Related to Estonian kuli (“dude”); kuli was traditionally exclusively played by men and boys. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkuli/, [ˈkulʲiˑ] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkuli/, [ˈkuliˑ] Rhymes: -uli Hyphenation: ku‧li ==== Noun ==== kuli gorodki (a type of traditional game where wooden chips were hit with a stick) ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === References === Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 216 == Lindu == === Etymology === From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit, from Proto-Austronesian *kuliC. === Noun === kuli (anatomy) skin == Ngarrindjeri == === Noun === kuli head == Polish == === Pronunciation === Rhymes: -uli Syllabification: ku‧li === Etymology 1 === See gwoli. ==== Preposition ==== kuli (Eastern Kraków, Gmina Stopnica, Góry Miechowskie, Lasovia, Tarnobrzeg County, Nisko County) alternative form of gwoli === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== kuli third-person singular present of kulić === Etymology 3 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== kuli third-person plural virile past of kuć === Etymology 4 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Noun ==== kuli f inflection of kula: genitive/dative/locative singular genitive plural === Further reading === Jan Karłowicz (1901), “kuli”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 2: F do K, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 152 == Slovak == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from English coolie, of Hindustani origin. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /kuli/, [ˈkuli] Rhymes: -uli Hyphenation: ku‧li ==== Noun ==== kuli m pers coolie ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /kuʎi/, (high register) [ˈkuʎi], (common) [ˈkuli] Rhymes: -uʎi Hyphenation: ku‧li ==== Noun ==== kuli f dative/locative singular of kuľa === Further reading === “kuli”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026 == Sranan Tongo == === Noun === kuli (derogatory, offensive) coolie; an Indian-Surinamese person, a Surinamese person of Indian descent. == Swahili == === Etymology === Borrowed from English coolie. === Pronunciation === === Noun === kuli class V (plural makuli class VI) coolie, dockworker === See also === hamali mpakizi === References === == Wolio == === Etymology === From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kulit, from Proto-Austronesian *kuliC. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kuli/ === Noun === kuli skin === References === Anceaux, Johannes C. 1987. Wolio Dictionary (Wolio-English-Indonesian) / Kamus Bahasa Wolio (Wolio-Inggeris-Indonesia). Dordrecht: Foris.