know

== English == === Pronunciation === (UK) (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /nəʊ/ (Scotland) IPA(key): /no/ (Wales, without the toe–tow merger) IPA(key): /nou/ (Northumbria) IPA(key): /naː/ (General American) enPR: nō, IPA(key): /noʊ/ (General Australian) IPA(key): [nəʉ] Rhymes: -əʊ Homophones: no, noh (both toe–tow merger) === Etymology 1 === From Middle English knowen, from Old English cnāwan (“to know, perceive, recognise”), from Proto-West Germanic *knāan, from Proto-Germanic *knēaną (“to know”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). ==== Alternative forms ==== knaa (Northumbria) knowe (obsolete) ==== Verb ==== know (third-person singular simple present knows, present participle knowing, simple past knew or (nonstandard) knowed, past participle known or (colloquial and nonstandard) knew) (transitive) To perceive the truth or factuality of; to be certain of; to be certain that. (intransitive) To be or become aware or cognizant. (transitive) To be aware of; to be cognizant of. (intransitive, obsolete) To be acquainted (with another person). (transitive) To be acquainted or familiar with; to have encountered. 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain) Marsha is my roommate. — I know Marsha. She is nice. (transitive, archaic, biblical, euphemistic) To have sexual relations with. This meaning normally specified in modern English as e.g. to 'know someone in the biblical sense' or to 'know biblically'. (transitive) To experience. To understand or have a grasp of through experience or study. (transitive) To be able to distinguish, to discern, particularly by contrast or comparison; to recognize the nature of. 1980, Armored and mechanized brigade operations, p.3−29: Flares do not know friend from foe and so illuminate both. Changes in wind direction can result in flare exposure of the attacker while defenders hide in the shadows. (transitive) To recognize as the same (as someone or something previously encountered) after an absence or change. (intransitive) To have knowledge; to have information, be informed. 2016, VOA Learning English (public domain) Marsha knows. (transitive) To be able to play or perform (a song or other piece of music). (transitive) To have indexed and have information about within one's database. (transitive, philosophy) To maintain (a belief, a position) subject to a given philosophical definition of knowledge; to hold a justified true belief. ===== Usage notes ===== This is generally a stative verb that rarely takes the continuous inflection. See Category:English stative verbs “Knowen” is found in some old texts as the past participle. In some old texts, the form “know to [verb]” rather than “know how to [verb]” is found, e.g. Milton wrote: “he knew himself to sing, and build the lofty rhymes”. ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Quotations ===== ===== Synonyms ===== (have sexual relations with): coitize, go to bed with, sleep with; see also Thesaurus:copulate with ===== Hyponyms ===== grok ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Noun ==== know (uncountable) (rare) Knowledge; the state of knowing. Knowledge; the state of knowing. (Now confined to the fixed phrase in the know.) ===== Derived terms ===== in the know ==== References ==== William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “know”, in The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. “know”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC. === Etymology 2 === ==== Noun ==== know (plural knows) Alternative form of knowe (“hill, knoll”). === Etymology 3 === Shortening of you know (sense 4)—Singapore English favours pro-drop constructions (Wee, 2003). ==== Pronunciation ==== (Singapore) IPA(key): /noʊ/, (sincere) [noː˨˦], (emphatic) [ˈno(˧˨)] ==== Particle ==== know (Singlish) Used at the end of a sentence to draw attention to information one thinks the listener should keep in mind. ===== Usage notes ===== Cannot be used in conjunction with other sentence-final discourse particles. ==== See also ==== ==== References ==== Wee, Lionel (2003), “The birth of a particle: know in Colloquial Singapore English”, in World Englishes, volume 22, number 1, →DOI, pages 5–13 === Anagrams === Kwon, wonk == Cornish == === Etymology === From Proto-Brythonic *know, from Proto-Celtic *knūs. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [knoʊ] === Noun === know (collective, singulative knowen f) nuts ==== Derived terms ==== === Mutation === == Middle English == === Noun === know alternative form of kne == Yola == === Verb === know alternative form of knouth === References === Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 44