ketchup

== English == === Alternative forms === catchup, catsup, katsup katjap, kechap, ketsup (all obsolete) === Etymology === Uncertain, but probably ultimately from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”) via Malay kecap ~ kicap “any dark clear sauce from soy, fish etc”, though the precise path is unclear – there are related words in various Chinese languages. Various other theories exist – see Ketchup: Etymology for extended discussion. First appeared in English in the late 17th century in reference to a Southeast Asian sauce encountered by British traders and sailors. The Oxford English Dictionary notes that it was commonly used in the 18th century to refer to a variety of similar sauces with varying ingredients—"anchovies, mushrooms, walnuts, and oysters being particularly popular"—but by the late 19th century the current tomato ketchup became the most popular form. Catsup (earlier catchup) is an alternative Anglicization, still in use in the U.S., though it is now somewhat rare. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.əp/, /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.ʌp/ (Northern England) IPA(key): /ˈkɛt͡ʃ.ʊp/ Homophone: catch-up (one pronunciation) === Noun === ketchup (countable and uncountable, plural ketchups) (uncountable, chiefly US, Canada, UK) Ellipsis of tomato ketchup (“a tomato-vinegar-based sauce, sometimes containing spices, onion or garlic, and (especially in the US) sweeteners”). Synonym: tomato catsup Hypernyms: tomato sauce, red ketchup, red catsup (countable, now rare) Such a sauce more generally (not necessarily based on tomatoes, but with mushrooms, fish, etc.). This is the older meaning. Hyponyms: tomato ketchup, tomato catsup, fruit ketchup, fruit catsup, corn ketchup, corn catsup, green ketchup, green catsup, yellow ketchup, yellow catsup ==== Usage notes ==== The spelling ketchup became significantly preferred in the United States due to the popularity of the Heinz brand, which shortly after its introduction in 1876 switched from catsup to this spelling to distinguish itself from competitors. Other major brands, such as Hunt, subsequently followed, with Del Monte only switching to ketchup in 1988. This condiment is more commonly and somewhat ambiguously called tomato sauce outside of North America and the United Kingdom. In South Africa, the word ketchup is not generally understood. ==== Hypernyms ==== ==== Coordinate terms ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== ==== Translations ==== === Verb === ketchup (third-person singular simple present ketchups, present participle ketchupping, simple past and past participle ketchupped) (transitive) To cover with ketchup. ==== References ==== Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “ketchup”, in Online Etymology Dictionary. == Danish == === Etymology === Via English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkʰɛd̥ɕub̥] === Noun === ketchup c (singular definite ketchuppen, plural indefinite ketchupper) (uncountable) ketchup (a tomate sauce with vinegar) (countable) ketchup (a particular brand or type of ketchup) ==== Declension ==== ==== See also ==== sennep === References === “ketchup” in Den Danske Ordbog == Dutch == === Etymology === Borrowed from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap). Doublet of ketjap. === Pronunciation === === Noun === ketchup m (plural ketchups, diminutive ketchupje n) ketchup Synonym: tomatenketchup ==== Derived terms ==== == French == === Etymology === Borrowed from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap). === Pronunciation === (France) IPA(key): /kɛt.ʃœp/ (France, Quebec) IPA(key): /kɛt.ʃɔp/ === Noun === ketchup m (plural ketchups) ketchup === Further reading === “ketchup”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Hungarian == === Alternative forms === kecsöp kecsap, kecsup (informal) === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkɛt͡ʃøp], [ˈkɛt͡ʃɒp] Hyphenation: ke‧tchup Rhymes: -øp, -ɒp === Noun === ketchup (plural ketchupök or ketchupok) ketchup (tomato-vinegar-based sauce) ==== Declension ==== or === Further reading === ketchup and (with subscription) ketchup in Ferenc Pusztai, editor, Magyar értelmező kéziszótár [A Concise Explanatory Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÉKsz.2), 2nd, expanded and revised edition, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2003 (online searchable version under development). == Italian == === Etymology === Borrowed from English ketchup. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɛ.t͡ʃap/ === Noun === ketchup m (invariable) ketchup == Polish == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap, “fish sauce”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɛ.t͡ʂup/, (rare) /ˈkɛ.t͡ʂap/ Rhymes: -ɛt͡ʂup, -ɛt͡ʂap Syllabification: ke‧tchup === Noun === ketchup m inan alternative spelling of keczup ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === “ketchup”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN “ketchup”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[2] (in Polish) == Portuguese == === Alternative forms === catchup === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup. === Pronunciation === === Noun === ketchup m (plural ketchups) (uncountable) ketchup (tomato-vinegar based sauce) === Further reading === “ketchup”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Romanian == === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup. === Noun === ketchup n (uncountable) ketchup ==== Declension ==== == Serbo-Croatian == === Noun === ketchup m inan (Cyrillic spelling кетцхуп) alternative spelling of kečap == Spanish == === Alternative forms === cátsup, cátchup, kétchup, kéchup, képchup, kéchap, kéchop, catchup quéchap (obsolete, Philippines) === Etymology === Unadapted borrowing from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈket͡ʃup/ [ˈke.t͡ʃup] Rhymes: -etʃup IPA(key): /ˈket͡ʃap/ [ˈke.t͡ʃap] Rhymes: -etʃap IPA(key): /ˈket͡ʃop/ [ˈke.t͡ʃop] Rhymes: -etʃop Syllabification: ket‧chup === Noun === ketchup m (plural ketchups) ketchup ==== Usage notes ==== According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed. === Further reading === Seco, Manuel; Andrés, Olimpia; Ramos, Gabino (2023), “ketchup”, in Diccionario del español actual (in Spanish), third digital edition, Fundación BBVA == Swedish == === Etymology === From English ketchup. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɛtːɕɵp/ === Noun === ketchup c ketchup ==== Usage notes ==== Popular and uncontroversial pasta condiment in Sweden. ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ketchupflaska (“bottle of ketchup”) tomatketchup (“tomato ketchup”) ==== See also ==== makaroner makaronilåda köttfärssås senap (“mustard”) spaghetti tomat === References === “ketchup”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “ketchup”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) == West Frisian == === Etymology === From English ketchup. === Noun === ketchup c (no plural) ketchup