kana

== English == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Japanese 仮名(かな) (kana, “phonetic character”, literally “borrowed character”, from the way that kana were originally Chinese characters "borrowed" for their phonetic values). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /ˈkɑːnə/, [ˈkʰɑːnə] Rhymes: -ɑːnə ==== Noun ==== kana (plural kana or kanas) The hiragana and katakana syllabaries. These are made up of characters that represent individual syllables, which are used to write Japanese words and particles. Kana are derived from kanji. A hiragana or katakana character. ===== Related terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === ==== Verb ==== kana (invariable) (Singapore, Singlish) Alternative form of kena. === Anagrams === Akan, knaa, naka == Apalaí == === Etymology === From Proto-Cariban *kana (“fish”). === Noun === kana fish == Atong (India) == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kana/ === Noun === kana (Bengali script কানা) blind person === References === van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary. == Balinese == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kanə/ Hyphenation: ka‧na === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Old Javanese kana (“bangle, bracelet”). ==== Noun ==== kana (Balinese script ᬓᬦ) bracelet === Etymology 2 === From Sanskrit कना (kanā, “girl”). ==== Noun ==== kana (Balinese script ᬓᬦᬵ) girl == Bangi == === Verb === kana to decide == Big Nambas == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkana/ === Pronoun === kana I === References === Big Nambas Grammar Pacific Linguistics - G.J. Fox == Blin == === Noun === kana (plural kan) tree === References === Reinisch, Leo (1887), Wörterbuch der Bilin-Sprache (in German), Wien, Austria, page 221 == Breton == === Etymology === From Middle Breton canaff, from Proto-Brythonic *kėnɨd (compare Welsh canu), from Proto-Celtic *kaneti (“to sing”) (compare Irish canadh), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. === Verb === kana to sing === Mutation === == Cebuano == === Alternative forms === na — short form, only used mid-sentence === Etymology === Initial "ka-" is shared with other demonstratives kari (“this”), kani (“this”) and kadto (“that”). Related to dinha (“there”), nganha (“hither”), anaa (“there be”), and anha (“to go”), in a similar pattern with other Cebuano demonstrative pronouns. Compare Hiligaynon ina, Tagalog iyan. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kaˈnaʔ/ [kɐˈn̪aʔ] Hyphenation: ka‧na === Adverb === kanâ that (near the listener) ==== See also ==== == Chuukese == === Determiner === kana (possessive subject marker) those ==== Related terms ==== ekkana == Cornish == === Etymology === From Middle Cornish cane, from Proto-Brythonic *kėnɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaneti, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. Cognate with Breton kana, Irish and Scottish Gaelic can, and Welsh canu. === Verb === kana to sing ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Mutation === == Czech == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkana] === Verb === kana masculine singular present transgressive of kanout == Estonian == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. Cognates include Finnish kana. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ] Hyphenation: ka‧na Rhymes: -ɑnɑ === Noun === kana (genitive kana, partitive kana) chicken kana hakkliha ― chicken minced meat (specifically) hen ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== See also ==== kukk === References === “kana”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN == Fijian == === Etymology === From Proto-Central-Pacific *kani, from Proto-Oceanic *kani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən. === Verb === kana to eat (consume) === Noun === kana meal == Finnish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝nɑ̝] Rhymes: -ɑnɑ Syllabification(key): ka‧na Hyphenation(key): ka‧na === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Finnic *kana (compare Estonian kana), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hanô (“rooster, cock”) (compare German Hahn). ==== Noun ==== kana chicken (domestic fowl of species Gallus gallus, Gallus domesticus) Synonym: (informal) kaakattaja Hyponym: siipikarja kanalintu ― gallinaceous bird chicken (meat from this bird eaten as food) Synonym: kananliha hen (female chicken) Coordinate term: kukko hen (female of other bird species, particularly a sexually mature female fowl) (derogatory) An unintelligent, talkative woman. Synonym: kanamainen nainen (archaic, poetic) woman, sweetheart Synonyms: kulta, rakastajatar, vaimo, nainen ===== Usage notes ===== The word kana usually refers to a mature bird. The Finnish translation for "chicken" in the sense "young hen" is kananpoika or broileri. ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== See also ===== kaakattaa kotkottaa kynä (“feather”) ==== References ==== ==== Further reading ==== “kana”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023 === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Japanese 仮名(かな) (kana). ==== Noun ==== kana kana (Japanese syllabary) ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 3 === Borrowed from Old Swedish kana. ==== Noun ==== kana (dialectal, Lapland, Kymenlaakso) synonym of kokka (“bow of a boat”) ===== Declension ===== ===== Derived terms ===== === Anagrams === -kaan, akan == French == === Pronunciation === === Noun === kana m (plural kanas) kana === Further reading === “kana”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Hanunoo == === Etymology === Compare Tagalog kina. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkana/ [ˈkɐ.na] Rhymes: -ana Syllabification: ka‧na === Preposition === kana (Hanunoo spelling ᜣᜨ) used to mark oblique cases of personal nouns: to; toward; of; from; etc. kana Gawid ― to/for/of/from Gawid and his companions, family, etc. ==== Usage notes ==== Used for multiple people. When referring to a single person, use kan. Even if only one person's name was mentioned, a group of people that includes person is implied. === Further reading === Conklin, Harold C. (1953), Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 139 == Ingrian == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Estonian kana. === Pronunciation === (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑˑ] (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑˑ] Rhymes: -ɑnɑ Hyphenation: ka‧na === Noun === kana hen ==== Declension ==== ==== Coordinate terms ==== kukko (“rooster”) ==== Derived terms ==== (diminutive) kanain === References === Fedor Tumansky (1790), “кана”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 681 V. I. Junus (1936), Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 58 Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 130 Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014), Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎[4], →ISBN, page 79 == Japanese == === Romanization === kana Rōmaji transcription of かな == Kamba == === Etymology === From Proto-Bantu *-nàì. === Numeral === kana four == Kapampangan == === Alternative forms === cana (Súlat Bacúlud, Ámung Sámson) === Etymology 1 === ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /kəˈna/ [kəˈna] IPA(key): /kəˈnaʔ/ [kəˈnaʔ] Hyphenation: ka‧na ==== Determiner ==== kana or kanâ put; to place Synonym: lage to leave something somewhere Synonym: maglakuwan === Etymology 2 === From ka +‎ na. ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /kəˈna/ [kəˈna] Hyphenation: ka‧na ==== Adverb ==== kana expression to indicate an uncertainty or doubt; I wonder; maybe ===== See also ===== == Karelian == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Estonian kana. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/ Hyphenation: ka‧na === Noun === kana (genitive kanan, partitive kanua) hen ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === References === A. V. Punzhina (1994), “kana”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015), “курица”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN == Kikuyu == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kana/ === Conjunction === kana or, whether === References === “kana” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 206. Oxford: Clarendon Press. == Lingala == === Etymology === Borrowed from Bangi kana. === Verb === -kana (infinitive kokana) to decide == Lower Sorbian == === Etymology === Borrowed from German Kanne, from Proto-Germanic *kannǭ. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkana] === Noun === kana f (diminutive kanka) jug, pot (e.g. for coffee or tea) ==== Declension ==== === Further reading === Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “kana”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008 Starosta, Manfred (1999), “kana”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag == Ludian == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Veps kana. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/ Rhymes: -ɑnɑ Hyphenation: ka‧na === Noun === kana chicken ==== Declension ==== === References === Juho Kujola (1944), Lyydiläismurteiden sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 105 M. Pahomov (2022), “kana”, in Lüüdi-venän, venä-lüüdin sanakirdʹ‎[5], Helsinki: Lüüdilaine Siebr, →ISBN, page 61 == Makasar == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkana] === Verb === kana (Lontara spelling ᨀᨊ or 𑻠𑻨, semi-transitive akkana, passive nikana) (transitive) to say === Noun === kana (Lontara spelling ᨀᨊ or 𑻠𑻨, definite kanaya) word == Mauritian Creole == === Etymology === From Hindi खाना (khānā). === Noun === kana food === References === Baker, Philip; Hookoomsing, Vinesh Y. (1987), Diksiyoner kreol morisyeṅ [Mauritian Creole Dictionary] (in French and English), Paris: L'Harmattan, →ISBN == Nheengatu == === Etymology === Inherited from Língua Geral Amazônica kana, borrowed from Portuguese cana, from Old Galician-Portuguese cana, from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾰ (kắnnă), borrowed from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkana/, (Rio Negro) [ˈkã.nɐ] Rhymes: -ana Hyphenation: ka‧na === Noun === kana (plural kana-itá) sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) Synonyms: murí-seẽ, tabuka-seẽ ==== Related terms ==== === References === Avila, Marcel Twardowsky (2021), “kana”, in Proposta de dicionário nheengatu-português [Nheengatu–Portuguese dictionary proposal] (in Portuguese), São Paulo: USP, →DOI, page 367 == Old Javanese == === Etymology 1 === Unknown ==== Adverb ==== kana there then === Etymology 2 === Unknown, probably from Sanskrit कङ्कण (kaṅkaṇa, “bracelet”). ==== Noun ==== kana bracelet ===== Descendants ===== → Balinese: kana (“bracelet”) == Old Tupi == === Etymology === Borrowed from Portuguese cana, from Old Galician-Portuguese cana, from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾰ (kắnnă), borrowed from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm). === Noun === kana (?) (Língua Geral Amazônica) sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum) Synonym: takûare'ẽ ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Nheengatu: kana === References === Meisterburg, Anton [attributed] (a. 1756), “Cana de assucar”, in [Dicionário de Trier] [Dictionary from Trier] (overall work in Portuguese and Língua Geral Amazônica), Baixo Xingu; Pará, page 9r, column 1, line 94; republished as Jean-Claude Muller et al., editors, Dicionário de língua geral amazônica [Língua Geral Amazônica Dictionary], Potsdam: University of Potsdam, 2019, →DOI, page 127: “cana [kana]” == Osing == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈkɔ.nɔ/ Hyphenation: ka‧na Rhymes: -nɔ === Adverb === kana there == Papiamentu == === Etymology === From Portuguese caminhar and Spanish caminar and Kabuverdianu kaminha. === Verb === kana to walk to go == Portuguese == === Noun === kana m (uncountable) kana (Japanese syllabaries) == Rayón Zoque == === Noun === kana salt ==== Derived terms ==== === References === Harrison, Roy; B. de Harrison, Margaret; López Juárez, Francisco; Ordoñes, Cosme (1984), Vocabulario zoque de Rayón (Serie de diccionarios y vocabularios indígenas Mariano Silva y Aceves; 28)‎[6] (in Spanish), México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 12 == Romani == === Etymology === Inherited from Sanskrit कदा (kadā). === Adverb === kana when == Serbo-Croatian == === Etymology 1 === Borrowing from Ottoman Turkish قنا (kına), from Arabic حِنَّاء (ḥinnāʔ). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /kâna/ Hyphenation: ka‧na ==== Noun ==== kȁna f (Cyrillic spelling ка̏на) henna (Lawsonia inermis) (shrub; dye) ===== Declension ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Japanese 仮名 (kana). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): /kǎna/ Hyphenation: ka‧na ==== Noun ==== kàna f (Cyrillic spelling ка̀на) kana ===== Declension ===== == Swahili == === Pronunciation === === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?]. ==== Verb ==== -kana (infinitive kukana) to deny, to reject, to say no, to decline, to negate, to disown ===== Conjugation ===== ===== Derived terms ===== Verbal derivations: Causative: -kanusha Nominal derivations: ukanaji === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Portuguese cana. ==== Noun ==== kana class IX (plural kana class X) (nautical) tiller (part of the rudder) Synonym: mkombo === References === == Swedish == === Etymology === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) === Noun === kana c slide (mostly as a toy) ==== Declension ==== ==== Related terms ==== iskana rutschkana === Verb === kana (present kanar, preterite kanade, supine kanat, imperative kana) to slide (mostly of people or vehicles, relating to icy ground) ==== Conjugation ==== ==== See also ==== glida === References === “kana”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish) “kana”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) “kana”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) === Anagrams === anka == Tagalog == === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Malay kena (“to contact; to have to do, to need to do; to be precise; deceived”), from Old Malay knā, from Proto-Austronesian *kəNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”). Compare Ilocano kenna. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /kaˈnaʔ/ [kɐˈn̪aʔ] Rhymes: -aʔ Syllabification: ka‧na ==== Noun ==== kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) deception; falsity action or work Synonym: gawa exertion; effort; deed; accomplishment Synonym: gawa application; actualization; appropriation; usage for some purpose Synonyms: akma, lapat, kabit walang kapapakanan ― no purpose fighting with the fists Synonyms: laban, away, babag, buntalan, suntukan (obsolete) deception or falsification of the weight of scales (obsolete) imposition of a penalty or payment ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Adjective ==== kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) fixed; set in place set as a trap; ready; readied (as of a gun) === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronunciation ==== (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /kaˈnaʔ/ [kɐˈn̪aʔ] Rhymes: -aʔ Syllabification: ka‧na ==== Noun ==== kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) (colloquial) clipping of amerikana ===== Related terms ===== === Etymology 3 === ==== Pronunciation ==== (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /kaˈna/ [kɐˈn̪a] Rhymes: -a Syllabification: ka‧na ==== Preposition ==== kaná (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) alternative form of kina === Etymology 4 === ==== Pronunciation ==== (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈkanaʔ/ [ˈkaː.n̪ɐʔ] Rhymes: -anaʔ Syllabification: ka‧na ==== Noun ==== kanà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) (obsolete) menarche; a woman's first menstruation Synonyms: abot-tubo, unang dating === Further reading === “kana”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018 English, Leo James (1987), Tagalog-English dictionary, Manila, Philippines: National Book Store, →ISBN, page 292 San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.‎[7] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag. page 317: “Falſo) Cana (pp) como peſo o romana” page 489: “Poner) Cana (pc) frontal doſeles o otra coſa, o poner recado para baptiçar olear comulgar, &c.” Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*keNa”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI === Anagrams === ka- -an, naka-, anak == Tooro == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kána/ === Adverb === kana four times ==== Synonyms ==== enyakana emirundi ena == Turkish == === Noun === kana dative singular of kan == Venda == === Conjunction === kana or nor == Veps == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. === Noun === kana chicken ==== Inflection ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === References === Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “курица”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎[8], Petrozavodsk: Periodika == Võro == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. Cognates include Estonian kana. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kɑnɑ/ === Noun === kana (genitive kana, partitive kanna) chicken ==== Inflection ==== == Votic == === Etymology === From Proto-Finnic *kana. === Pronunciation === (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ] (Jõgõperä) IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ] (Central Votic) IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ] (Eastern Votic) IPA(key): /ˈkɑnɑ/, [ˈkɑnɑ] Rhymes: -ɑnɑ Hyphenation: ka‧na === Noun === kana hen, chicken ==== Inflection ==== === References === Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “kana”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎[9], 2nd edition, Tallinn == Warlpiri == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ˈkɐna] === Noun === kana digging stick == Ye'kwana == === Etymology === From Proto-Cariban *kana (“fish”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [kana] === Noun === kana Amazon brycon, a fish of species Brycon amazonicus === References === Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “kana”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎[10], Lyon Hall, Katherine Lee (1988), “kana:”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University Monterrey, Nalúa Rosa Silva (2012), Hombres de curiara y mujeres de conuco. Etnografía de los indigenas Ye’kwana de Venezuela, Ciudad Bolívar: Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, page 36: “kana”