kakak

== Indonesian == === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈkakaʔ/ [ˈka.kaʔ] Rhymes: -akaʔ Syllabification: ka‧kak === Etymology 1 === From Malay kakak (“older sister”), from Classical Malay kakak, from Proto-Malayic *kakaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaka, from Proto-Austronesian *kaka. For sense of older brother, semantic loan from Hokkien 哥哥 (ko-ko, “older brother”) and semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀ (kakang, kaka, kakak). For sense of form of address to husband in marital relationship, semantic loan from Javanese ꦏꦏꦁ, ꦏꦏ, ꦏꦏꦏ꧀ (kakang, kaka, kakak). ==== Noun ==== kakak (plural kakak-kakak) (literally or figuratively, formal) older sibling (literally or figuratively, chiefly Sumatra and Kalimantan) older sister (literally or figuratively, chiefly Jakarta and Java) older brother (chiefly Jakarta) a general form of address, typically to an older person (but applicable to same age groups) (colloquial) a form of address to any stranger ===== Usage notes ===== People in areas with Malay populations and speaking vernacular Malay dialects only use kakak to address older sisters, otherwise outside those places like Jakarta, it is gender neutral. In formal situations (e.g. to address a customer), kakak may be used to address someone to give an impression of a 'youthful nuance' (i.e., by denoting someone as such). ===== Alternative forms ===== akak kak KK ===== Synonyms ===== (older sister): see Thesaurus:kakak (older brother): see Thesaurus:abang ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === Inherited from Malay kakak. Onomatopoeic, compare to Tagalog kakak. ==== Root ==== kakak quack, cluck Synonyms: kwek, wek laugh Synonyms: kakah, kahkah ===== Derived terms ===== === Further reading === “kakak”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Javanese == === Romanization === kakak romanization of ꦏꦏꦏ꧀ == Malay == === Alternative forms === kang (colloquial) === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Malayic *kakaʔ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaka, from Proto-Austronesian *kaka. Sense of older male sibling lost in Singapore and Malay Peninsula. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /kakaʔ/ Rhymes: -akaʔ, -kaʔ, -aʔ === Noun === kakak (Jawi spelling کاکق, plural kakak-kakak or kakak2) older sister (older woman or girl having the same parents) (rare) sibling (older person who shares same parents) (rare) brother (older male sibling) Synonyms: abang, uda term of address for a female acquaintance who is a bit older engko (“engku”) === Derived terms === Malay: kakanda, kak, Kak === Related terms === === Etymology 2 === Onomatopoeic, compare to Tagalog kakak. === Noun === kakak (Jawi spelling کاکق, plural kakak-kakak or kakak2) cackle (of duck and geese) laugh Synonyms: dekah, kakah, kahkah === Derived terms === === References === Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “کاکق kakak”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 75 Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “کاکق kakak”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 497 Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “kakak”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 499 == Pazeh == === Etymology === Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *kakak. === Noun === kakak crow === References === Paul Jen-kuei Li (李壬癸); Shigeru Tsuchida (土田滋) (2001), Pazih Dictionary (巴宰語詞典) (in Chinese), Taipei: Academia Sinica, Institute of Linguistics, →ISBN, page 137 == Tagalog == === Alternative forms === cacac — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling === Etymology === Onomatopoeic. Compare Indonesian kakak. === Pronunciation === (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈkakak/ [ˈkaː.xɐk̚] Rhymes: -akak Syllabification: ka‧kak === Noun === kakak (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜃᜃ᜔) cackle or cackling of a hen, duck, etc. Synonym: putak ==== Derived terms ==== ==== See also ==== === Further reading === “kakak”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018