joder

== Spanish == === Alternative forms === foder, hoder (obsolete) jolín, jo, jolines (euphemistic) jdr (censored spelling, Internet slang) === Etymology === From older *hoder, from Old Spanish foder, from Latin futuere, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰew- (“to hit”). The unexpected initial /x/ instead of being silent comes from the frequent emphasis on the /h/ sound. Compare Spanish jamelgo from Latin famelicus. Cognate with English footle, Catalan fotre, French foutre, Italian fottere, Portuguese foder, Galician foder, Romanian fute, and Sicilian fùttiri. Attested since 18th century. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /xoˈdeɾ/ [xoˈð̞eɾ] IPA(key): /xoˈeɾ/ [hoˈeɾ] (Caribbean, southern Spain) Rhymes: -eɾ Syllabification: jo‧der === Verb === joder (first-person singular present jodo, first-person singular preterite jodí, past participle jodido) (vulgar) (transitive) to annoy, bug, bother, irritate Synonyms: fastidiar, fregar, molestar, jorobar, incomodar, incordiar, cargosear, agobiar, brear, importunar, (vulgar) chingar, embarazar (intransitive) to tell annoying jokes Synonym: contar chistes malos (intransitive) to be very annoying, difficult, tiring (be difficult) Synonyms: molestar, incomodar, (vulgar) chingar (reflexive, intransitive) to become ruined, fucked (said of a thing) Synonyms: arruinarse, estropearse Ya se nos jodió todo el viaje. ― Our whole trip is fucked now. Se jodió la fiesta. ― The party got screwed. (reflexive, intransitive, Spain) to become ruined, fucked (said of a person) Synonyms: irse a la mierda, (Spain) irse a tomar por culo (ambitransitive, Spain, Costa Rica, literally, rare, dated) to fuck, to have sex Synonyms: see Thesaurus:joder (transitive) to fuck over, to put someone in a difficult situation Synonyms: arruinar la situación, poner en jaque (transitive, Dominican Republic, Mexico, El Salvador, Spain) to fuck up, smash, wreak, break, damage Synonyms: estropear, cargarse (pronominal) to feel something intensely to joke, to kid (pronominal) to hate, to piss one off ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Interjection === ¡joder! (vulgar, chiefly Spain) fuck! Synonyms: ¡mierda!, (euphemism) ¡miércoles de ceniza!, (euphemism, Spain) ¡jolín!, (euphemism, Spain) ¡jolines! (vulgar, chiefly Spain) jeez!, damn! (expression of surprise) Synonyms: ¡qué barbaridad!, (Spain) ¡hostia! === Adverb === joder (vulgar, nonstandard) the fuck (as an intensifier) === Further reading === “joder”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025 “joder”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010