jaque

== French == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ʒak/ === Etymology 1 === Borrowed from Portuguese jaca (“jackfruit”), from Malayalam ചക്ക (cakka) / Tamil சக்கை (cakkai). ==== Noun ==== jaque m or f (plural jaques) jackfruit ===== Alternative forms ===== jacque ===== Derived terms ===== jaquier (“jackfruit tree”) === Etymology 2 === Inherited from Old French jaque; see there for more. ==== Noun ==== jaque m (plural jaques) (historical) gambison === Further reading === “jaque”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Old French == === Alternative forms === jacque === Etymology === Usually linked to the given name Jacques; an alternative origin connects it with jaque (“coat of arms”), which is from Arabic شَكّ (šakk, “breastplate”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒakə/ === Noun === jaque oblique singular, m (oblique plural jaques, nominative singular jaques, nominative plural jaque) a gambison; a type of tight-fitting shirt ==== Derived terms ==== jaquet, jacquet ==== Descendants ==== From diminutive jaquet: == Portuguese == === Alternative forms === jeque (Brazil) === Etymology === Borrowed from English jack. === Pronunciation === Hyphenation: ja‧que === Noun === jaque m (plural jaques) (European Portuguese spelling) (nautical) jack (naval ensign) === References === == Spanish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈxake/ [ˈxa.ke] Rhymes: -ake Syllabification: ja‧que === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Old Spanish xaque, from Arabic شاه (šāh, “shah; king chess piece”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (mlkʾ /⁠šāh⁠/, “king”). Doublet of cheque and escaque (“chess tile”), the latter formerly meaning "(any) chess piece" as well. To explain the unusual rendering of Arabic -h as /k/ (-que), Coromines and Pascual suggest influence from escaque instead. They also mention an alternative idea they find less likely where the sound [h] was exaggerated as [k], cf. Medieval Latin nichil [ˈnikil]. Yet another explanation (not in Coromines and Pascual) for the /k/ is that it is from Arabic شاهك šāh-ak ("your king"), especially as it is used to announce an upcoming attack onto the enemy's king. First attested in 1283 as dar xaque ("to threaten the enemy's king"). ==== Noun ==== jaque m (plural jaques) (chess) check jeopardy, danger, threat Synonyms: peligro, amenaza ===== Derived terms ===== jácaro (“dandy”) jaquear (“to check, to bother”) jaque mate (“checkmate”) poner en jaque tener en jaque (“to bully”) === Etymology 2 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== jaque inflection of jaquir: third-person singular present indicative second-person singular imperative === References === Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1984), “jaque”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎[2] (in Spanish), volume III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 490 === Further reading === “jaque”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025