iubeo

== Latin == === Alternative forms === jubeō === Etymology === From Old Latin ioubeō, from Proto-Italic *jouðeō, from earlier *jouðejō, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyowdʰéyeti, causative of Proto-Indo-European *Hyewdʰ- (“move upright”), likely an extension of *h₂ey- (“life, age”). Indirectly cognate with iūrō and iūs, aevum and iūgis, and possibly with imitor and imāgō. === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈjʊ.be.oː] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈjuː.be.o] === Verb === iubeō (present infinitive iubēre, perfect active iussī, supine iussum); second conjugation (Old Latin, Classical Latin) to authorize, to legitimate, to make lawful, to homologate, to pass (a bill or law or decision) to bid, to command, to order Synonyms: imperō, praecipiō, praescrībō, ēdīcō, mandō, iniungō, dictō, indīcō, pōnō ==== Conjugation ==== 1At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb. ==== Synonyms ==== imperō, mandō, praecipiō ==== Derived terms ==== iussiō iussus ==== Descendants ==== → Italian: iubere ==== References ==== De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN “jubeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “iubeo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. Willi, Andreas (2001), “Lateinisch iubēre, griechisch εὐϑύς und ein indogermanisches Rechtskonzept”, in Historische Sprachforschung‎[2] (in German), volume 114, number 1. H., pages 117–146