istic

== Latin == === Etymology 1 === From iste + -ce. ==== Alternative forms ==== isthic (used in Late Latin, Medieval Latin, formerly in New Latin) ==== Pronunciation ==== (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈɪs.tɪk] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈis.tik] (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ɪsˈtɪk] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [isˈtik] The reduction of -ce to -c by apocope generally left the accent unchanged: therefore, forms such as istúnc and neuter nom/acc istúc are accented on the final syllable, matching the position of the accent in istúnce and istúcce (from istud + -ce; compare neuter nom/acc hoc from *hod + -ce). The accentuation of the masculine nominative singular istic(e) is uncertain: Late Latin grammarians teach that the enclitics -ce, -que, -ve, -ne draw the accent to the preceding syllable whether it is long or short, but some modern linguists argue that they only moved the accent to a heavy syllable, which would imply the accentuation ístic(e). The similarly-formed masculine nominative singular hic acquired an analogically lengthened final consonant in Classical and later time periods: if such analogical lengthening ever affected istic, the accent would be expected to move also to its final syllable (istíc as if for *isticce). ==== Determiner ==== istic (feminine istaec, neuter istuc or istucce or istoc); demonstrative determiner this same, this very; those, etc. that of yours, that mentioned earlier by or related to you, that beside you ===== Usage notes ===== The alternative spelling isthic is based on the interpretation of the pronoun as a compound of iste + hic, an analysis that can be found in Latin grammarians such as Priscian (although Priscian used the spelling without "h", attributing the loss of the h to the syllabification of the word). The best-attested forms are the singular nominative, accusative, and ablative forms, and the plural neuter nominative/accusative form (also the plural feminine nominative). Originally, it is likely that any form of iste could be freely combined with the enclitic -ce, but only a few traces of that usage are preserved. The original usage of Old Latin authors such as Plautus or Terence may be obscured in some cases by alterations made by later scribes. Plautus and Terence use the neuter forms istuc n sg and istaec n pl much more frequently than their unsuffixed counterparts, istud n sg and ista n pl. ===== Declension ===== Demonstrative determiner. See illic § Declension. The masculine nominative plural is likely unattested in extant ancient texts. (The TLL interprets the manuscript variant istīc for istī in Plautus Curculio 288 as a false form.) The genitive singular is not attested until Late Latin. The genitive plural is unattested. For the forms, compare hōrunc, hārunc. The masculine accusative plural istōsce is attested indirectly in the form istōscine (from istōsce + -ne) in Plautus Asinaria 932. The corresponding feminine accusative plural istāsce is not directly attested, although some editors conjecture it was originally used in Plautus Truculentus 541. The feminine ablative singular istāc has an alternative form istāce, attested once in a ritual formula transmitted by Cato De Agri Cultura 132. The ablative plural form istīsce is attested twice in Plautus, in both instances elided before a vowel. ==== Pronoun ==== istic (feminine istaec, neuter istuc or istucce or istoc); demonstrative pronoun this same, this very that of yours, that related to you, that beside you this/that mentioned by you ===== Declension ===== Demonstrative pronoun. See illic § Declension. ===== Related terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== === Etymology 2 === From the lost locative neuter singular of the above pronoun, compare hīc and illīc. ==== Alternative forms ==== istī (Old Latin or archaic) ==== Pronunciation ==== (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ɪsˈtiːk] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [isˈtik] ==== Adverb ==== istīc (not comparable) there, in that (very) place, here (chiefly used in direct speech to address the place of one being talked to) (figuratively) herein, in this affair, on this occasion, on that/your side ===== Related terms ===== === References === === Further reading === “istic (determiner, pronoun)”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “istīc (adverb)”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “istic”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Allen, Joseph Henry; Greenough, James B. (1903), Allen and Greenough's New Latin grammar for schools and colleges: founded on comparative grammar, Boston: Ginn and Company, § 146, page 67. G. T. A. Krüger, Grammatik der Lateinischen Sprache. Erste Abtheilung. Elementar- und Wortlehre. Elementar- und Wortlehre. Neue, gänzlich umgearbeitete Ausgabe der lateinischen Schulgrammatik von Aug. Grotefend, Hannover, 1842, page 263 Maurus Schinnagl, Lateinische Schulgrammatik für die zweite, dritte und vierte Klasse des Untergymnasiums, Wien, 1853, page 79 G. Billroth and for the third edition Friedrich Ellendt, Lateinische Schulgrammatik. Dritte Ausgabe, Leipzig, 1848, page 112 Peter Bullions, revised by Charles D. Morris, The Principles of Latin Grammar, comprising the substance of the most approved grammar extant, with an appendix and complete index. For the use of schools and colleges, New York, 1867, page 70f. Peter Bullions, Principles of Latin Grammar; comprising the substance of the most approved grammar extant, with an appendix. For the use of schools and colleges, New York, 1854, page 77 Lewis Marcus, A Latin Grammar, London, 1861, page 26 John Smith, The New Hampshire Latin Grammar: comprehending all the necessary rules in orthography, etymology, syntax, and prosody; with explanatory and critical notes, and an appendix, Boston, 1802, page 36