hic

== English == === Etymology === Onomatopoeic. === Pronunciation === (US) IPA(key): /hɪk/ Rhymes: -ɪk Homophone: hick === Interjection === hic An approximation to the sound of a hiccup, used e.g. to indicate drunkenness. ==== Translations ==== === See also === hic et nunc hic jacet === Anagrams === Ich, IHC, Chi., ICH, Ch'i, chi, ch'i, CIH, Chi, ich, CHI, HCI == Aromanian == === Alternative forms === hicu === Etymology === From Latin fīcus. Compare Megleno-Romanian ic, Spanish higo. === Noun === hic m (plural hits) fig (tree) or fig (fruit) ==== Related terms ==== hicã == French == === Pronunciation === (aspirated h) IPA(key): /ik/ === Etymology 1 === From Latin hic est quaestio (“here is the question”). ==== Noun ==== hic m (uncountable) snag, hitch, catch, kink, problem Voilà le hic. ― Here's the problem. === Etymology 2 === Onomatopoeic. ==== Interjection ==== hic hic! (indicating a hiccup) === Further reading === “hic”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Interlingua == === Adverb === hic here == Latin == === Alternative forms === īc (common misspelling) === Etymology 1 === From older hec, from Proto-Italic *hoke, from *ho (from Proto-Indo-European *gʰo (“indeed”, emphatic clitic)) + *ke (from *ḱe (“here”, deictic particle)). Reconstructed forms with o are made likely by the Old Latin form hoi (“this”). The feminine and neuter inflected forms were created in analogy to quī, quae, quod. In the Italic languages only Faliscan has a clear cognate inflected pronoun: hac (acc./abl. sg. f.). A petrified form may be present in the Umbrian word for "the same": eru-hu (abl. sg. m.), era-hunt ~ era-font (abl. sg. f.) In Indo-European the first element is cognate with Sanskrit घ (gha) ~ ह (ha, intensifier), हि (hi, “surely, for”), Czech že (“that”, conjunction), Russian же (že, intensifying particle). The second element is cognate with Latin cis (“on this side”), ce-dō, Ancient Greek ἐ-κε-ῖνος (e-ke-înos, “that”), Old Irish cē (“here”), Gothic 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 (himma, “to this”). More at he, here. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈhɪk] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈik] Note: before a vowel, the original single final [k] is often but not always doubled by Classical and later poets by analogy with hoc ==== Determiner ==== hic (feminine haec, neuter hoc); first/second-declension determiner (hic-type) this; these (in the plural) ==== Pronoun ==== hic (feminine haec, neuter hoc); first/second-declension pronoun (hic-type) this one; this (thing); these ones (in the plural); these (things); he, she, it ===== Declension ===== In Medieval Latin pl. fem. hae through some vulgar form, *haeae, is replaced by hee. When combined with the interrogative clitic -ne, an i is restored at the end of the word: hicine, haecine, hocine, etc. First/second-declension pronoun (hic-type). Nom. fem. pl. is sometimes "haec", particularly before vowels and h, especially by Plautus and Terence. We refer to "Latijnse Spraakkunst, Janssens, Van de Vorst & Geerebaert, par. 78". We also refer to "Latijnsch Woordenboek, Van Wageningen & Muller (see: hic, haec, hoc)". A third reference is "Gildersleeve's Latin Grammar (see: Demonstrative Pronouns)". ==== Usage notes ==== This demonstrative adjective/pronoun is used to refer to a person or thing, or persons or things, near the speaker. It contrasts with ille (“that”), which refers to people or things far from the speaker and the listener, and iste (“this/that”), which refers to people or things near the listener. As Latin had no person pronouns specifically meaning "he", "she" or "it", any of ille, iste, hic or (most frequently) is could assume that function. In Vulgar Latin, phonetic changes tended to eliminate both the initial h and final c, leaving nothing but a bare vowel. Consequently, this demonstrative gradually disappeared and was replaced with iste, which originally meant "that (near you)". (This left only a two-term system of demonstratives in comparison with Latin's three-term system, but the gap was filled in some areas by pressing ipse into service as a middle demonstrative. Spanish, for example, has este (“this”) < Latin iste, ese (“that (near you)”) < Latin ipse, and aquel (“that (far from you and me)”) < Latin eccum ille.) This process was gradual, and the neuter form hoc survived the longest (it still survives, for example, in Catalan ho). Other forms sometimes survived in compound expressions, e.g. Portuguese agora (“now”) < Latin hāc hōrā. ==== Coordinate terms ==== ==== Derived terms ==== === Etymology 2 === From older heic, the lost locative neuter singular of the above pronoun, compare istīc and illīc. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈhiːk] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈik] ==== Adverb ==== hīc (not comparable) here, in or at this place ===== Alternative forms ===== heic, haeic (archaic) ===== Coordinate terms ===== ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== === References === === Further reading === “hic”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “hic”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “hic”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. Sihler, Andrew L. (1995), New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN == Middle English == === Pronoun === hic alternative form of I (“I”) == Vietnamese == === Alternative forms === hix === Etymology === Onomatopoeia, from the sobbing sound. Compare hức (“sob; hic”). === Pronunciation === (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [hïk̟̚˧˦] (Huế) IPA(key): [hɨt̚˦˧˥] (Saigon) IPA(key): [hɨt̚˦˥] Phonetic spelling: hích === Interjection === hic (onomatopoeia) sob (comics, Internet slang) dang; darn; aw man; man (onomatopoeia) synonym of hức (“hic”)