hardy

== English == === Etymology === From Middle English hardy, hardi, from Old French hardi (“hardy, daring, stout, bold”). Old French hardi is usually regarded as the past participle of hardir ("to harden, be bold, make bold"; compare Occitan ardir, Italian ardire), from Frankish *hardijan; but it may also have come directly from Frankish *hardi, a secondary form of Frankish *hard (compare Old High German harti, herti, secondary forms of Old High German hart (“hard”)); or even yet from Frankish *hardig (compare Middle Low German herdich (“persevering”), Old Danish hærdig, Norwegian herdig, Swedish härdig (“vigorous, courageous”)). Cognate with hard. May have at some point also been surface analysed as hard + -y. === Pronunciation === (General American) IPA(key): /ˈhɑɹdi/ (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈhɑːdi/ Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)di === Adjective === hardy (comparative hardier, superlative hardiest) Having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships. Synonyms: hearty, robust, rugged, strong (botany) Able to survive adverse growing conditions, especially frost. Synonyms: hearty, robust, rugged, strong Antonym: tender Hyponym: winterhardy Brave and resolute. Impudent. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== foolhardy ==== Translations ==== === Noun === hardy (plural hardies) (usually in the plural) Anything, especially a plant, that is hardy. A blacksmith's fuller or chisel, having a square shank for insertion into a square hole in an anvil. hardy hole === References === === Anagrams === Hydra, hydra == Middle French == === Etymology === From Old French hardi. === Adjective === hardy m (feminine singular hardye, masculine plural hardys, feminine plural hardyes) hardy (having rugged physical strength) ==== Descendants ==== French: hardi == Polish == === Etymology === Borrowed from Czech hrdý. Displaced gardy, an inherited doublet. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈxar.dɘ/ Rhymes: -ardɘ Syllabification: har‧dy === Adjective === hardy (comparative bardziej hardy, superlative najbardziej hardy, derived adverb hardo) haughty, supercilious, arrogant Synonyms: butny, dumny ==== Declension ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Kashubian: hardy === Further reading === hardy in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN hardy in Polish dictionaries at PWN Wanda Decyk-Zięba, editor (2018-2022), “hardy”, in Dydaktyczny Słownik Etymologiczno-historyczny Języka Polskiego [A Didactic, Historical, Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), →ISBN