hail

== English == === Pronunciation === enPR: hāl, IPA(key): /heɪl/, [heɪ̯ɫ] Rhymes: -eɪl Homophone: hale === Etymology 1 === From Middle English hayle, haile, hail, hawel, haghil, haȝel, from Old English hæġl, hæġel, hagol (“hail”), from Proto-West Germanic *hagl, from Proto-Germanic *haglaz, of uncertain origin. Either from Proto-Indo-European *kagʰlos (“pebble”); or alternatively from *ḱoḱló-, a reduplication of *ḱel- (“cold”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hail (“hail”), West Frisian heil (“hail”), Dutch hagel (“hail”), Low German Hagel (“hail”), German Hagel (“hail”), Danish hagl (“hail”), Swedish hagel (“hail”), Icelandic hagl (“hail”). Compare also Old Norse héla (“frost”). Doublet of haglaz, if the second etymology (“cold”) is correct. Root-cognates outside of Germanic include Ancient Greek κάχληξ (kákhlēx, “pebble”), or alternatively Sanskrit शिशिर (śíśira, “cool, cold”), possibly also Lithuanian šešėlis (“shade, shadow”), depending on the etymology. ==== Noun ==== hail (countable and uncountable, plural hails) (meteorology, uncountable) Balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation, often in connection with a thunderstorm. (meteorology, countable) An occurrence of this type of precipitation; a hailstorm. (countable, by extension) A rapid, intense barrage by a large number of projectiles or other objects. Synonym: downpouring ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From Middle English haylen, haulien, hawelien, from Old English hagolian, hagalian (“to hail”), from Proto-West Germanic *haglōn, from Proto-Germanic *haglōną (“to hail”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with Saterland Frisian hailje (“to hail”), West Frisian heilje (“to hail”), Dutch hagelen (“to hail”), German Low German hageln (“to hail”), German hageln (“to hail”), Danish hagle (“to hail”), Swedish hagla (“to hail”), Norwegian Nynorsk hagle, hagla (“to hail”), Faroese hegla (“to hail”), Icelandic hagla (“to hail”). ==== Verb ==== hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailing, simple past and past participle hailed) (impersonal) To have hailstones fall from the sky. (intransitive) To send or release hail. To pour down in rapid succession. ===== Derived terms ===== hail down ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 3 === From Middle English heil (“healthy, sound”), from Old Norse heill, from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, entire, healthy”). The verb is from Middle English heilen, itself from the adjective. Doublet of whole, hale, and heil. ==== Adjective ==== hail (comparative hailer, superlative hailest) (obsolete) Healthy, whole, safe. ==== Verb ==== hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailing, simple past and past participle hailed) (transitive) To greet; give salutation to; salute. (transitive) To name; to designate; to call. (transitive) To call out loudly in order to gain the attention of. (transitive, by extension, UK, Australia) To indicate, from a designated stop or otherwise, to the driver of a public transport vehicle that one wishes to board and travel on the vehicle, usually using hand signals such as waving. (transitive) To signal in order to initiate communication with. (transitive) In the game of uppies and downies, to throw (the ball) repeatedly up and down at the goal location, in order to score a point. (from) to originate (from), be native (to) or be based (in) ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== wassail ===== Translations ===== ==== Interjection ==== hail (archaic or poetic) An exclamation of respectful or reverent salutation, or, occasionally, of familiar greeting. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Anagrams === Hlai, hila == Estonian == === Noun === hail adessive singular of hai == Irish == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /halʲ/ === Noun === hail h-prothesized form of ail == Middle English == === Etymology 1 === ==== Noun ==== hail alternative form of hayle (“hail”) === Etymology 2 === ==== Adjective ==== hail alternative form of heil (“healthy, sound”) ==== Noun ==== hail alternative form of heil (“health, welfare”) == North Frisian == === Alternative forms === Hail (Sylt) === Etymology === From Old Frisian heil, from Proto-West Germanic *hagl, from Proto-Germanic *haglaz. === Pronunciation === (Föhr-Amrum) IPA(key): [haːɪ̯l], [hɔɪ̯l] === Noun === hail m (Föhr-Amrum) hail == Scots == === Etymology 1 === From Old English hāl (“healthy, safe”), from Proto-Germanic *hailaz (“whole, safe, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂ilos (“healthy, whole”). ==== Alternative forms ==== hale ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): [hel] (South Scots) IPA(key): [hjɛl] ==== Adjective ==== hail (comparative hailer, superlative hailest) whole free or recovered from disease, healthy, wholesome free from injury, safe, sound, unhurt (of people, parts of the body, etc.) whole, entire, complete, sound, unbroken, undamaged (of material objects and of time, numbers etc.) ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Noun ==== hail (plural hails) the whole, the whole amount or number ==== Verb ==== hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailin, simple past and past participle hailt) to heal, cure === Etymology 2 === (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): [hel] ==== Verb ==== hail (third-person singular simple present hails, present participle hailin, simple past and past participle hailt) (sports) to drive the ball through the goal, etc. ===== Derived terms ===== ower hail (“to overtake”) ==== Noun ==== hail (plural hails) (sports) goal, the shout when a goal is scored, the goal area === Etymology 3 === From Old English hæġl, hæġel, from Proto-Germanic *haglaz, either from Proto-Indo-European *kagʰlos (“pebble”), or from *ḱoḱló-, a reduplication of *ḱel- (“cold”). ==== Pronunciation ==== IPA(key): [hel] ==== Noun ==== hail (uncountable) (weather) hail, hailstones small shot, pellets ===== Derived terms ===== hailie-pickle (“hailstone”) hailstane (“hailstone”) == Turkish == === Alternative forms === hâil === Etymology === From Ottoman Turkish حائل (hail), from Arabic حَائِل (ḥāʔil). An Ottoman Turkish homophone from Arabic هَائِل (hāʔil) did not survive to modern Turkish. === Noun === hail (definite accusative haili, plural hailler) (obsolete) obstacle Synonym: engel === References === Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “ha'il¹”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 2, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1838 Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “hâil”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 373 Robert Avery et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN == Welsh == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /hai̯l/ Rhymes: -ai̯l === Adjective === hail h-prothesized form of ail (“second”) === Mutation ===