haben

== German == === Alternative forms === ham (in informal writing) han (archaic, dialectal) === Etymology === From Middle High German haben, from Old High German habēn (akin to Old Saxon hebbian, Old Norse hafa (Swedish hava/ha), Old Frisian habba, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban), Old English habban), from Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to grasp”). Cognates include Bavarian håbn, Yiddish האָבן (hobn), Dutch hebben, English have, Danish have. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈhaːbən/, [ˈhaː.bən], [-bn̩], [-bm̩], (southern also) [-b̥m̩], [-ʔm̩] IPA(key): /ham/, [ham] (common; particularly in the present tense, occasionally also in the infinitive) Hyphenation: ha‧ben Rhymes: -aːbn̩, -am === Verb === haben (irregular, third-person singular present hat, past tense hatte, past participle gehabt, past subjunctive hätte, auxiliary haben) (auxiliary) forms the perfect aspect (have) [with past participle] Das habe ich nicht gesagt. ― I haven't said that. (transitive) to have; to own (to possess, have ownership of; to possess a certain characteristic) Ich habe ein Auto. ― I own a car. Sie hat braune Haare. ― She has got brown hair. (transitive) to have; to hold (to contain within itself/oneself) (transitive) to have, get (to obtain, acquire) (transitive) to get (to receive) (transitive) to have (to be scheduled to attend) Morgen Nachmittag habe ich eine Vorlesung. ― I've got a lecture tomorrow afternoon. (transitive) to have (to be afflicted with, suffer from) Er hat Krebs. ― He has cancer. (transitive, of units of measure) to contain, be composed of, equal (impersonal, regional, with es) there be, there is, there are (reflexive, colloquial, with so) to make a fuss (colloquial) to be occupied with, to like, to be into [with es and mit (+ dative) ‘something/someone’] (regional, colloquial) to talk [with es, along with von (+ dative) or über (+ accusative) ‘about someone/something’] to have to, must [with zu (+ infinitive) ‘do something’] (especially regarding expectations by authority, at the threat of severe disapproval or consequences) ==== Conjugation ==== The forms hast, hat as well as those with hatt-, hätt- are always realized with a short vowel. The forms hab, habt, gehabt vary: The prescriptive standard is long, but short pronunciation is predominant in practice. Habe and the rare habest, habet are long. (Haben is long with disyllabic, short with monosyllabic pronunciation, as indicated above.) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “haben”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎[1] (in German) “haben” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon “haben” in Duden online “haben” in OpenThesaurus.de == Middle English == === Verb === haben alternative form of haven (“to have”) == Old High German == === Etymology === From Proto-West Germanic *habbjan, from Proto-Germanic *habjaną, whence also Old Saxon hebbian, Old English habban, Old Norse hafa, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to grasp”), whence also Latin capiō. === Verb === habēn to have ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== Middle High German: hān, habenAlemannic German: haa, ha, heen, hoh, hä, häbä, hèSwabian: hauBavarian: hoom, hobm, hobn, hom, ho, hobCimbrian: haban, hen, håmMòcheno: homNorthern Bavarian: [hɔm]Central Franconian: han, hann (most dialects)Hunsrik: honKölsch: hanLuxembourgish: hunnEast Central German:Erzgebirgisch: hammUpper Saxon German: ham, homVilamovian: honEast Franconian:German: habenBerlinerisch: hamRuhrpöttisch: habnRhine Franconian: hann, hawwe (Vorderpfälzisch), hunn (northern Palatine)Frankfurterisch: [havə]; [hɑvə], [hɔvə] (older)Palatine German: hann, hawwe, hunnPennsylvania German: hawweUpper Hessian: hu, hunnYiddish: האָבן (hobn)