gudrs

== Latvian == === Etymology === From the same stem as the verb gūt (“to gain, to obtain”) (q.v.). From a parallel form gust (< *gud-ti; compare Lithuanian gùsti (“to get accustomed; to teach oneself”), present tense gundù) came *gudras, from which gudrs (the u-stem form of the Lithuanian cognate is apparently secondary). The semantic evolution of this word was probably: “(something) caught, grabbed” > “one who by catching got used to, taught himself something” (at first applied to dogs and other animals) > “intelligent,” or then maybe: “one who catches, grabs” > “resourceful” > “smart, intelligent.” (Note that a 17th-cendury dictionary mentions modrs (“alert, vigilant”) as a synonym of gudrs.) Cognates include Lithuanian gudrùs (“intelligent, resourceful”), dialectal gùdras. === Pronunciation === === Adjective === gudrs (definite gudrais, comparative gudrāks, superlative visgudrākais, adverb gudri) intelligent, wise (having extensive knowledge, well-developed thinking, rich experience) gudrs cilvēks, ārsts ― intelligent person, doctor bataljona komandieris - lielisks vīrs, un gudrs: lai kādu jautājumu viņam uzprasi, visu atbildēs, izlasījis veselu bibliotēku ― the battalion commander: a great man, and intelligent: whatever question you asked him, he answered it, he has read a whole library vienkāršais cilvēks, visu darbu darītājs, pazīst dabas norises un parādības, darba procesus, pazīst cilvēkus, viņu dzīves daudzveidīgos sakarus un attiecības; tāds cilvēks ir gudrs ― a simple person, who does all the work, knows natural processes and phenomena, (knows) work, knows people, their lives' multifaceted connections and relations; such a person is wise intelligent, wise (expressing such qualities) gudrs skatiens ― wise, intelligent look gudras acis ― wise eyes gudra seja ― intelligent face kad viņš noņem cepuri, tad var redzēt, ka piere viņam augsta un gudra ― when he took his hat off, then we could see that his forehead is high and wise smart, clever (one who quickly understands, notices, remembers; astute) gudrs skolēns, māceklis ― clever student, apprentice māmiņa bija lepna par mums, stāstīja, cik mēs nopietni, gudri un saprātīgi bērni ― mom was proud of us, he told (everybody) how we were serious, clever, intelligent children (of animals) smart, clever (well trained; perceptive) gudrs suns, zirgs ― clever dog, horse gudri dzīvnieki instinktīvi jūt negaisus cilvēku attiecībās ― clever animals instinctively feel a thunderstorm in human relations (when one is happening) gudrais pelēcis laipoja uzmanīgi, it kā zinādams, kas viņam šodien vedams ― the smart gray (horse) maneuvered carefully, as if knowing who he would be taking today (figuratively, of objects) smart, intelligent gudrās mašīnas palīdz radīt celtnes, jūras un Visuma kuģus ― the intelligent machines help creat buildings, ships, and spaceships (of mental activities) intelligent, clever, wise (which exemplifies the use of intelligence, wisdom) gudra doma ― intelligent, wise thought gudrs lēmums ― wise decision guddra mīlestība ― wise love humānismam jābūt gudram ― humanism must be wise (of activities and their products) intelligent, wise (rich in thoughts, ideas, insights) gudra grāmata, runa, lekcija ― intelligent book, talk, lecture gudra tautas paruna: “darbs dara meistaru” ― a wise folk saying: “work makes the master” smart, resourceful, cunning (who quickly orients himself in many different circumstances, who can use the circumstances to his favor) Pēteris - tas bija gudrs: izmācījās par drēbnieku un apprecēja bagātu sievu ― Pēteris, that was a smart one: he studied to be a tailor and then married a rich wife wise, prudent tu biji gudra, mīļā dvēsele, tu gribēji sevi taupīt un sargāt ― you were wise, dear soul, you wanted to save and protect yourself bet arī līdzi ņemt zēnu nebija necik gudri, jo mēs varbūt jau pēc dažām stundām dosimies kaujā ― but also to take the boy along was not at all wise, because we may have already been a few hours in the battle (zone) ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== (of "wise, rational"): prātīgs, saprātīgs (of "understanding quickly"): vērīgs, apdāvināts (of "smart, cunning"): viltīgs (of "prudent"): apdomīgs ==== Antonyms ==== dumjš idiotisks muļķīgs neprātīgs stulbs ==== Derived terms ==== gudrinieks, gudriniece gudrība gudrot === References ===