gouge

== English == === Etymology === From Middle English gouge (“chisel with concave blade; gouge”), from Old French gouge, goi (“gouge”), from Late Latin goia, gubia, gulbia (“chisel; piercer”), borrowed from Gaulish *gulbiā, from Proto-Celtic *gulbā, *gulbi, *gulbīnos (“beak, bill”). The English word is cognate with Italian gorbia, gubbia (“ferrule”), Old Breton golb, Old Irish gulba (“beak”), Portuguese goiva, Scottish Gaelic gilb (“chisel”), Spanish gubia (“chisel, gouge”), Welsh gylf (“beak; pointed instrument”), gylyf (“sickle”). The verb is derived from the noun. === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation, General American, Standard Canadian) IPA(key): /ˈɡaʊ̯d͡ʒ/, [ˈɡaʊ̯d͡ʒ] (Southern US, Midland US, Mid-Atlantic US, New York City, Australian, New Zealand, /aʊ̯/-fronting) IPA(key): /ˈɡæʊ̯d͡ʒ/, [ˈɡæʊ̯d͡ʒ] (Pittsburgh, General South African, /aʊ̯/-monophthongization) IPA(key): /ˈɡaːd͡ʒ/, [ˈɡaːd͡ʒ] Rhymes: -aʊdʒ Hyphenation: gouge === Noun === gouge (countable and uncountable, plural gouges) Senses relating to cutting tools. A chisel with a curved blade for cutting or scooping channels, grooves, or holes in wood, stone, etc. A bookbinder's tool with a curved face, used for blind tooling or gilding. An incising tool that cuts blanks or forms for envelopes, gloves, etc., from leather, paper, or other materials. A cut or groove, as left by a gouge or something sharp. (originally US, colloquial) An act of gouging. (slang) A cheat, a fraud; an imposition. Synonym: swindle (slang) An impostor. (mining) Soft material lying between the wall of a vein and the solid vein of ore. (US, military, slang, uncountable) Information. ==== Derived terms ==== fault gouge gouge bit ==== Translations ==== === Verb === gouge (third-person singular simple present gouges, present participle gouging, simple past and past participle gouged) (transitive) To make a groove, hole, or mark in by scooping with or as if with a gouge. Synonyms: engrave, grave, incise (transitive) To cheat or impose upon; in particular, to charge an unfairly or unreasonably high price. Synonyms: defraud, swindle (transitive, intransitive) To dig or scoop (something) out with or as if with a gouge; in particular, to use a thumb to push or try to push the eye (of a person) out of its socket. (intransitive) To use a gouge. ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Translations ==== === References === === Further reading === chisel – gouge on Wikipedia.Wikipedia gouge (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia Douglas Harper (2001–2026), “gouge”, in Online Etymology Dictionary. == French == === Etymology === Inherited from Old French gouge, from Latin gulbia (Late Latin gubia), of Gaulish or Basque origins. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɡuʒ/ Rhymes: -uʒ === Noun === gouge f (plural gouges) gouge (groove) gouge (tool) (obsolete) female servant (archaic) prostitute === Verb === gouge inflection of gouger: first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive second-person singular imperative === Further reading === “gouge”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012 == Old French == === Etymology === From Late Latin gubia, from Latin gulbia. === Noun === gouge oblique singular, f (oblique plural gouges, nominative singular gouge, nominative plural gouges) gouge (tool) (chiefly derogatory) woman ==== Descendants ==== English: gouge French: gouge === References === Frédéric Godefroy (1880–1902), “gouge”, in Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle […], Paris: F[riedrich] Vieweg; Émile Bouillon, →OCLC.