genus

== English == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin genus (“birth, origin, a race, sort, kind”) from the root gen- in Latin gignō (“to beget, produce”). Doublet of gender and genre, further related to kin. === Pronunciation === (Received Pronunciation) enPR: jēn’-əs, jĕn’-əs, IPA(key): /ˈdʒiːnəs/, /ˈdʒɛnəs/ (US) enPR: jēn’-əs, IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒiːnəs/ Rhymes: -iːnəs, -ɛnəs Hyphenation: ge‧nus === Noun === genus (plural genera or (all nonstandard) genuses or genusses or genii) (biology, taxonomy) A category in the classification of organisms, ranking below family (Lat. familia) and above species. (by ellipsis) A taxon at this rank. Synonym: genus name A group with common attributes. (topology, graph theory, algebraic geometry) A natural number representing any of several related measures of the complexity of a given manifold or graph. (semantics) Within a definition, a broader category of the defined concept. (music) A type of tuning or intonation, used within an Ancient Greek tetrachord. ==== Usage notes ==== (biology, taxonomy, rank in the classification of organisms): See generic name, binomial nomenclature. ==== Synonyms ==== See also Thesaurus:class ==== Hyponyms ==== (topology, graph theory): Euler genus (music): chromatic, diatonic, enharmonic (genus) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Malayalam: ജീനസ് (jīnasŭ) → Swahili: jenasi → Thai: สกุล (sà-gun) (semantic loan) ==== Translations ==== ==== See also ==== (semantics): differentia (biological taxa): domain kingdom phylum/division class order family supergenus genus subgenus, section, series species ==== Further reading ==== “genus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC. William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “genus”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC. === Anagrams === Negus, negus == Danish == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin genus. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɡeːnus/, [ˈɡ̊eːnus] === Noun === genus n (plural indefinite genus or genera) (biology, taxonomy) genus Synonym: slægt (grammar) gender Synonym: køn === Further reading === genus on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da == Dutch == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin genus. Doublet of gender and genre. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɣeː.nʏs/ Hyphenation: ge‧nus === Noun === genus n (plural genera, no diminutive) (botany) a rank in a taxonomic classification, in between family and species Synonym: geslacht (botany) a taxon at this rank Synonym: geslacht (linguistics) gender Synonym: geslacht ==== Derived terms ==== subgenus supergenus ==== Descendants ==== → Indonesian: genus == Finnish == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin genus. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ˈɡenus/, [ˈɡe̞nus̠] Rhymes: -enus Syllabification(key): ge‧nus Hyphenation(key): ge‧nus === Noun === genus (botany) synonym of suku (“genus”) (topology) genus Synonym: suku ==== Declension ==== == Indonesian == === Etymology === Borrowed from Dutch genus, from Latin genus. Doublet of gender, genre, and jenis. === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈɡenus/ [ˈɡe.nʊs] Rhymes: -enus Syllabification: ge‧nus === Noun === genus (plural genus-genus) genus: (biology, taxonomy) a category in the classification of organisms, ranking below family (Lat. familia) and above species a group with common attributes type class; group ==== Derived terms ==== === Further reading === “genus”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Latin == === Etymology 1 === From Proto-Italic *genos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os n (“race”), from the root *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, beget”); compare also gēns, gignō and -gnus, from the same root. From the genitive gener-is (< PIE *ǵénh₁es-os), the sound shift -r- < *-s- can be observed, through which the Old Latin form *genes-is can be reconstructed. Cognates include Ancient Greek γένος (génos, “race, stock, kin, kind”), Sanskrit जनस् (jánas, “race, class of beings”), Proto-Celtic *genos (“birth; family”), and English kin. Doublet of genea. ==== Pronunciation ==== (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈɡɛ.nʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈd͡ʒɛː.nus] ==== Noun ==== genus n (genitive generis); third declension birth, origin, lineage, descent kind, type, class species (general classification, as of living things), taxon (of animal or plant), race (of people or animals) set, group, category (with common attributes) (grammar) gender 6th century, Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus (attributed): Commentarium de oratione et de octo partibus orationis. In: „Patrologiae cursus completus sive Bibliotheca universalis, integra, uniformis, commoda, oeconomica, omnium ss. patrum, doctorum scriptorumque ecclesiasticorum qui ab aevo apostolico ad innocentii III tempora floruerunt; […] . Series prima, in qua prodeunt patres, doctores scriptoresque ecclesiae latinae a tertulliano ad gregorium magnum. Accurante J.-P. Migne, cursuum completorum in singulos scientiae ecclesiaticae ramos editore. Patrologiae tomus LXX. Cassiodori tomus posterior. – Magni Aurelii Cassiodori senatoris, viri patricii, consularis, et vivariensis abbatis opera omnia in duos tomos distributa, ad fidem manuscriptiorum codicum emendata et aucta, notis, observationibus et indicibus locupletata, praecedente auctoris vita, quae nunc primum in lucem prodit cum dissertatione de ejus monarchatu. Opera et studio J. Garetii monarchi ordinis sancti Benedicti e congregatione sancti mauri. Nobis autem curantibus accesserunt complexiones in epistolas b. Pauli quas edidit et annotavit scipio Maffeius. Tomus posterior. – Parisiis, venit apud editorem, in via dicta d'amboise, près la barriere d'enfer, ou petit-montrouge. 1847“, p. 1225 16th century, Andreas Semperius (a.k.a. Andreas Sampere, Andreu Sempere): Andreae Semperii Valentini Alcodiani, doctoris medici, prima grammaticae latinae institutio tribus libris explicata, Majorca/Mallorca, 1819, p.19 (grammar) subtype of word ===== Declension ===== Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem). ===== Hyponyms ===== (grammar, genera nominum): [genus] fēminīnum, [genus] masculīnum, [genus] neutrum, genus commūne, genus omne (grammar, genera verborum): [genus] āctīvum, [genus] passīvum, [genus] neutrum, [genus] commūne, [genus] dēpōnēns, [genus] medium ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Catalan: gens Spanish: geno Franco-Provençal: gins Old French: giens Unsorted borrowings: === Etymology 2 === ==== Pronunciation ==== (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈɡɛ.nuːs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈd͡ʒɛː.nus] ==== Noun ==== genūs genitive singular of genū̆ === References === “genus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “genus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "genus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. == Norwegian Nynorsk == === Etymology === From Latin genus. === Noun === genus m or n (definite singular genusen or genuset, indefinite plural genera or genus, definite plural genera or generaa or genusa or genusane) (biology, taxonomy) genus (grammar) gender (grammar) voice === References === “genus” in The Nynorsk Dictionary. == Swedish == === Etymology === Borrowed from Latin genus. === Noun === genus n (grammar) gender (division of nouns and pronouns) (social) gender, sex (social issues of being man or woman) ==== Usage notes ==== Biological gender is called kön. The Latin word genus is used for grammar and more recently for gender studies. ==== Declension ==== ==== Synonyms ==== (grammar): kön ==== Related terms ==== === References === “genus”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish) === Anagrams === sugen, unges