geld

== English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɡɛld/ Rhymes: -ɛld === Etymology 1 === From Middle English geld and reinforced by Medieval Latin geldum, both from Old English geld, ġield (“payment, tribute”), from Proto-West Germanic *geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). Probably reinforced by gelt (which see), see Norwegian Bokmål gjeld (“debt”), Danish gæld (“debt”). Geld is also written gelt or gild, and as such found in wergild, Danegeld, etc. Doublet of yield. ==== Noun ==== geld (countable and uncountable, plural gelds) (chiefly archaic, dialectal or historical) Money. (Northern England) A payment. (historical) In particular, (money paid as) a medieval form of land tax. ===== Derived terms ===== ==== Verb ==== geld (third-person singular simple present gelds, present participle gelding, simple past and past participle gelded) (historical) To tax geld. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Related terms ===== ===== Translations ===== === Etymology 2 === From Middle English gelden, from Old Norse gelda (“to geld, castrate”), from Proto-Germanic *galdijaną (“to castrate”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”). Cognate with Old Norse geldr (“yielding no milk, dry”), German galt, gelt (“not giving milk, barren”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌸𐌰 (gilþa, “sickle”). Compare the archaic German Gelze (“castrated swine”) and gelzen (“to castrate”), Danish galt (“castrated boar”) (from Old Norse gǫltr (“boar, hog”), cognate with English gilt and gilde (“to geld”). "gelding" derives from Old Norse geldingr. ==== Verb ==== geld (third-person singular simple present gelds, present participle gelding, simple past and past participle gelded or gelt) (transitive) To castrate a male (usually an animal). (transitive, figurative) To suppress or severely reduce sexual desire or libido. (transitive, figurative) To deprive of anything essential; to weaken. ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Translations ===== ==== Noun ==== geld (plural gelds) A female animal, such as a ewe or cow, that is not pregnant. === References === === Anagrams === gled == Afrikaans == === Etymology === From Dutch geld (“money”), from Middle Dutch gelt, from Old Dutch geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą, cognate with German Geld (“money”), Old Norse gjald (“payment”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳 (gild, “tribute”). === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /χɛlt/ === Noun === geld (plural gelde) (uncountable) money (uncountable) cash, currency Synonym: kontant tariff, compensation ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Descendants ==== → Sotho: tjhelete → Venda: tshelede == Dutch == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɣɛlt/, (Northern Dutch) [xɛlt], (Southern Dutch) [ɣɛlt] Hyphenation: geld Rhymes: -ɛlt === Etymology 1 === From Middle Dutch gelt, gheld, ghelt, from Old Dutch geld, from Proto-West Germanic *geld, from Proto-Germanic *geldą (“reward, gift, money”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ- (“to pay”). ==== Noun ==== geld n (plural gelden, no diminutive) money Synonyms: see Thesaurus:geld ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== Afrikaans: geld→ Sotho: tjhelete→ Venda: tshelede Jersey Dutch: xjäält, xält Negerhollands: geld, gelt Skepi Creole Dutch: galti === Etymology 2 === From Middle Dutch gelde, probably borrowed from Old Norse geldr (“barren, yielding no milk”), from Proto-Germanic *galdaz, *galdijaz (“barren, unfruitful”). The ultimate origin is uncertain; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to cut”), or from *gʰel- (“to shout, cry”). ==== Adjective ==== geld (not comparable) (obsolete, of female animals) not pregnant Antonym: drachtig (obsolete, of fish) male ===== Declension ===== ===== Alternative forms ===== gelt (obsolete) ===== Descendants ===== → West Frisian: geld === Etymology 3 === See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. ==== Verb ==== geld inflection of gelden: first-person singular present indicative (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative imperative === References === == Icelandic == === Verb === geld first-person singular present indicative of gjalda == Old English == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /jeld/, [jeɫd] === Noun === ġeld n alternative form of ġield ==== Declension ==== Strong a-stem: == Scots == === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ɡɛl(d)] === Adjective === geld (comparative mair geld, superlative maist geld) alternative form of yeld