gelar

== Balinese == === Etymology === Borrowed from Old Javanese gĕlar. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): /ɡə.lar/ === Noun === gelar (Balinese script ᬕᭂᬮᬃ) arrange, spread out order, regulation strengthening ambush, enclosure battle-order feast necessities stake === Further reading === “gelar”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali]. == Catalan == === Etymology === Inherited from Old Catalan gelar, from Latin gelāre (“freeze”). Compare Occitan gelar, French geler, Aragonese chelar. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): (Central, Balearic) [ʒəˈla] IPA(key): (Valencia) [d͡ʒeˈlaɾ] === Verb === gelar (first-person singular present gelo, first-person singular preterite gelí, past participle gelat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencia) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/ to freeze ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== gel === Further reading === “gelar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007 “gelar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2026 “gelar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua. “gelar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962. == Franco-Provençal == === Etymology === Inherited from Latin gelāre. === Verb === gelar (ORB, broad) to freeze ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== gelâ === References === geler in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca gelar in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu == Indonesian == === Pronunciation === (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ɡəˈlar/ [ɡəˈlar] Rhymes: -ar Syllabification: ge‧lar === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Malay gelar, from Proto-Malayic *ɡəlar. ==== Noun ==== gêlar (plural gelar-gelar) title (of a name) nickname that relates to one's characteristics or condition Synonym: sebutan (education) degree: a stage of proficiency or qualification in a course of study, now especially an award bestowed by a university/college, as a certification of academic achievement ===== Derived terms ===== === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦼꦭꦂ (gelar, “array, layout, deployment”), from Old Javanese gĕlar (“laying out; deployment, battle-array”, literally “spreading”). ==== Noun ==== gêlar (plural gelar-gelar) deployment ==== Verb ==== gêlar to spread Synonym: hampar to hold (to organise an event or meeting) ==== Derived terms ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “gelar”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016 == Interlingua == === Verb === gelar to freeze to ice ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Derived terms ==== disgelar (“to de-ice, to defrost”) == Javanese == === Romanization === gelar romanization of ꦒꦼꦭꦂ == Karo Batak == === Etymology === Compare Toba Batak goar, Simalungun Batak goran, Malay gelar. === Pronunciation === IPA(key): [ɡəˈlar] === Noun === gelar name === References === Ahmad Samin Siregar et al. (2001). Kamus Bahasa Karo–Indonesia. Medan: Balai Pustaka, p. 63. == Malay == === Alternative forms === gĕlar (1924-1972) === Pronunciation === (Baku) IPA(key): /ɡəˈlar/ [ɡəˈlar] (schwa-variety) IPA(key): /ɡəˈla(r)/ [ɡəˈla(r)] Rhymes: -ar, -a Hyphenation: ge‧lar === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Proto-Malayic *ɡəlar. First attested in the Kota Kapur inscription, 686 CE, as Old Malay [script needed] (galar) in inflected form nigalarku ==== Noun ==== gelar (Jawi spelling ݢلر, plural gelar-gelar or gelar2) title (of a name). E.g. Tengku, Datuk, Tun nickname that relates to one's characteristics or condition. E.g. si kedekut (the greedy one), si bodoh (the stupid one) ===== Alternative forms ===== galar (Minangkabau Malay) ===== Derived terms ===== ===== Descendants ===== > Indonesian: gelar (“title”) (inherited) → Tausug: gulal === Etymology 2 === Borrowed from Javanese ꦒꦼꦭꦂ (gelar). ==== Verb ==== gelar (Jawi spelling ݢلر) informal form of menggelar (“to lay out”) === Etymology 3 === ==== Noun ==== gelar (Jawi spelling ݢلر, plural gelar-gelar or gelar2) (dialectal, Pahang) reason Synonym: sebab === Further reading === "gelar" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017 == Portuguese == === Etymology === Learned borrowing from Latin gelāre, from gelu (“frost”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”). By surface analysis, gelo +‎ -ar. Doublet of the inherited gear. === Pronunciation === Hyphenation: ge‧lar === Verb === gelar (first-person singular present gelo, first-person singular preterite gelei, past participle gelado) (intransitive) to freeze (become solid due to low temperature) Synonyms: congelar, enregelar, regelar Antonyms: degelar, derreter, descongelar (intransitive) to become cold Synonyms: esfriar, refrigerar, resfriar Antonym: esquentar (transitive) to cause to become cold (intransitive) to become dispassionate Synonyms: desalentar, desanimar, emudecer, esmorecer (intransitive) to freeze (become motionless) Synonym: congelar ==== Conjugation ==== ==== Related terms ==== === Further reading === “gelar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026 “gelar”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2026 “gelar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913 “gelar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026 “gelar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN “gelar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026 == Sundanese == === Etymology === Compare to Malay gelar. === Noun === gelar (Sundanese script ᮌᮨᮜᮁ) title (of a name)