foedus

== Latin == === Pronunciation === (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈfoe̯.dʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈfɛː.dus] === Etymology 1 === Inherited from Proto-Italic *feiðos (“faithful”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ-os, from *bʰeydʰ- (“to trust”). Same root as fīdō, fidēs, fīdus, and Proto-Germanic *bīdaną. Perhaps a corruption from an o-stem. ==== Noun ==== foedus n (genitive foederis); third declension (among nations, states, or rulers) treaty, compact, alliance, truce, league Synonym: conventum (among individuals) agreement, bond, contract, compact, pact, pledge, conditions, terms (biblical) covenant ===== Declension ===== Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem). ===== Derived terms ===== confoedustus foederātus foederō foedifragus ===== Descendants ===== ⇒ English: federal, foedus rerum ⇒ French: fédéral, fédérale ⇒ Italian: federale ⇒ Spanish: federal ⇒ Portuguese: federal === Etymology 2 === From Proto-Italic *foiðos (“afraid”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (“to frighten; be afraid”). ==== Adjective ==== foedus (feminine foeda, neuter foedum, comparative foedior, superlative foedissimus, adverb foedē); first/second-declension adjective (physically) filthy, foul, disgusting, loathsome, ugly, unseemly, detestable, abominable, horrible Synonyms: nefandus, turpis (mentally) disgraceful, vile, obscene, base, horrible, dreadful, dishonorable, shameful, infamous, foul ===== Declension ===== First/second-declension adjective. ===== Derived terms ===== foeditās foedo ===== Descendants ===== Italo-Romance: Italian: fedo Ibero-Romance: Asturian: feu, feyu Old Galician-Portuguese: feo Galician: feo Portuguese: feio Old Spanish: hedo → Spanish: feo (from another Iberian language) === References === === Further reading === “foedus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “foedus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "foedus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “foedus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette. Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. “foedus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers “foedus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin