exercitus

== Latin == === Etymology 1 === Perfect passive participle of exerceō (“to occupy oneself, oversee; work at, practice, exercise”), from ex- (“out of”) +‎ arceō (“to ward off, protect, guard”), from Proto-Italic *arkeō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂orké-ye-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erk- (“to protect, guard”). ==== Pronunciation ==== exercitus: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ɛkˈsɛr.kɪ.tʊs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [eɡˈzɛr.t͡ʃi.tus] exercitūs: (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ɛkˈsɛr.kɪ.tuːs] (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [eɡˈzɛr.t͡ʃi.tus] ==== Participle ==== exercitus (feminine exercita, neuter exercitum); first/second-declension participle occupied, exercised, practised vexed, harassed vexatious, severe disciplined ===== Declension ===== First/second-declension adjective. === Etymology 2 === From exerceō (“to occupy oneself, oversee; work at, practice, exercise”) +‎ -tus (action noun forming suffix). ==== Noun ==== exercitus m (genitive exercitūs); fourth declension (abstract, Plautine): exercice Synonyms: exercitāmentum, exercitātiō, exercitiō, exercitium trouble, affliction (concrete): (military) an exercised, disciplined body of men, an army the assembly of the people in the Comitia Centuriata, as being a military organization (poetic) a multitude, host, swarm, flock a troop, body of attendants ===== Declension ===== Fourth-declension noun. ===== Descendants ===== === References === “exercĭtus¹”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “exercĭtus²”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press “exercitus¹”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers “exercitus²”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers "exercitus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887) “exercitus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 624. exercitus in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 2549 Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co. “exercitus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers “exercitus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin